Aggregation and Metabolism in Northern Boreal Euphausiids

该项目采用了一种新的方法来观察和理解浮游动物斑块的动态，并得到了理论和仪器的最新发展的支持。本研究项目的物种是北方北方的高栖植物Thysanoessa raschii， T. inermis和Meganyctiphanes norvegica。这些是本研究的理想对象生物，因为我们对它们的基本生理和生态学已经有了很多了解。它们生理活动的强烈昼夜和季节变化有望在代谢和聚集行为方面提供可测量的差异。测量这种显著差异的能力很重要，因为这项研究强调代谢的观察，使用了生物声学技术的新应用。该项目将探索声学多普勒电流剖面仪（ADCP）的新应用，利用多普勒频谱展宽测量来量化这些强相生物的原位运动活动。在挪威北部Balsfjorden拟建的研究区域，将测量运动和呼吸代谢之间的关系，这种关系已经在其他强食物种中得到了很好的确立。本研究将提供一种新的、无创的测量大型浮游动物原位代谢状态的方法。研究结果将有助于更好地理解运动行为本身如何影响斑块形成、维持和消散的模式。这些发现将在一个新模型的框架内解释，该模型描述了统计力学方面的斑块动态过程。预计将增加新的基础知识，以了解在北极生态系统中发挥核心作用的三种富藻的聚集行为。

Abstract OPP-9423329 This project takes a novel approach to observing and understanding zooplankton patch dynamics, supported by recent developments in both theory and instrumentation. The species for this research project are the northern boreal euphasiids Thysanoessa raschii, T. inermis and Meganyctiphanes norvegica. These are ideal subject organisms for this study, because much is already known regarding their basic physiology and ecology. Strong diel and seasonal changes in their physiological activity are expected to provide measurable differences in both metabolism and aggregation behavior. The ability to measure such significant differences is important, because the research emphasizes observations of metabolism, using a novel application of bioacoustic technology. This project will explore a new application of the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), using measurements of Doppler spectral broadening to quantify locomotory activities of these euphasiids in situ. The relationship between locomotion and respiratory metabolism, which is well established for other euphasiid species, will be measured for the three species in the proposed study area of Balsfjorden, northern Norway. This research will provide an assessment of a new, non-invasive method for measuring the in situ metabolic state of macrozooplankton. The results will lead to a better understanding of how locomotory behavior, per se, influences patterns of patch formation, maintenance and dissipation. These findings will be interpreted within the framework of a mew model that describes patch dynamical processes in terms of statistical mechanics. It is expected that new basic knowledge will be added to the understanding of aggregation behavior of the three species of euphasiids that play a central role in Arctic ecosystems.