On-Line Control of Particulate and Volatile Air Toxic Emmissions from Thermal Treatment Systems

该小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目将开发基于在线FT-IR诊断和改进燃烧建模的排放控制策略。许多改进危险废物焚烧的技术正在出现，包括湍流喷雾火焰、喷动床或流化床燃烧器、倾卸式燃烧器或回转窑，以及诸如等离子体炬、循环燃烧床和太阳能辅助焚烧等更具创新性的技术。对于根据《废物保护和恢复法》被视为危险的废物，99.99%的销毁去除率需要用于焚烧。多氯联苯（PCB）的销毁也包含在TSCA中，要求99.9999%的销毁去除率。热销毁系统对环境的影响可能因以下事实而加剧：卤化废物的热处理可能导致产生比原生废物毒性更大的次生废物。为了适当地控制热处理系统的销毁效率并防止潜在的环境污染，需要仪器来提供对颗粒和挥发性空气毒物的实时控制。目前的分析方法依赖于实验室程序，可能需要长达两个月的时间才能得出结果，无法提供任何控制或环境保护的反馈。由此产生的控制系统将能够确保达到规定的销毁去除率，并保护环境健康。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project will develop emission control strategies based on on-line FT-IR diagnostics and improved combustion modeling. Many technologies are emerging for improved incineration of hazardous wastes including turbulent spray flames, spouted bed or fluidized bed combustors, dump combustors or rotary kilns, and more innovative technologies such as plasma torch, circulating combustion bed, and solar assisted incineration. For wastes considered hazardous under RCRA, 99.99% DREs are required for incineration. Destruction of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are also covered under the TSCA, requiring 99.9999% DREs. The environmental impact of thermal destruction systems can be compounded by the fact that thermal treatment of halogenated wastes may result in the production of secondary wastes more toxic than the primary waste. In order to properly control the destruction efficiency of thermal treatment systems and prevent potential environmental contamination, instrumentation is needed to provide real-time control of particulate and volatile air toxics. Current analysis methods rely on laboratory procedures which may take up to two months for results, not providing any feedback for control or environmental protection. The resulting control system will be capable of ensuring that regulated DREs are met and environmental health is protected.