Hydrogen Peroxide Fluxes to Forest Canopies: Field & Laboratory Experiments

进入森林冠层的过氧化氢通量：现场

• 批准号: 9508417
• 负责人: Candis Claiborn
• 金额: $ 15.9万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-08-01 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9508417&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hydrogen; Peroxide; Fluxes; Forest; Canopies

9508417 Claiborn Atmospheric hydrogen peroxide plays important roles in tropospheric photochemistry and in converting sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid in cloudwater, and may also be toxic to vegetation. The interactions between plants and atmospheric hydrogen peroxide are of interest to both the atmospheric and plant sciences communities. While quantification of its dry deposition rates to vegetation is necessary for photochemical models, there have been very few studies that have attempted to measure deposition of hydrogen peroxide to plants. In previous work it was demonstrated that it is possible, in both field and laboratory experiments, to measure hydrogen peroxide with adequate precision to enable calculation of fluxes. In this work, it is proposed to adapt a more direct measure of the flux, the relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) method, to measure hydrogen peroxide fluxes over a forest canopy. Then, over a three-year period, the principal investigator will conduct two types of experiments: 1) field measurements of deposition rates of hydrogen peroxide to forest canopies, and 2) controlled chamber experiments on individual saplings representing some of the same species found in the forest studies. By conducting both experiments, it will be possible to both quantify the deposition rate to the canopy under the environmental conditions of the experiment, and to predict how the deposition rate changes with changing environmental conditions. The education plan is based upon three main objectives. Like the proposed research plan, the education plan emphasizes the cross-disciplinary nature of environmental studies. Development of both undergraduate and graduate courses that emphasize the cross-media behavior of pollutants and that draw upon several sciences including chemistry, biology, atmospheric sciences, and engineering, is planned. The second objective is to improve communication skills of engineering students, both at the graduate and undergraduate levels. The third objective is to improve retention of students, particularly from underrepresented groups.

9508417 Claiborn 大气过氧化氢在对流层光化学和将云水中的二氧化硫转化为硫酸方面发挥着重要作用，并且也可能对植被有毒。 植物与大气过氧化氢之间的相互作用引起了大气科学界和植物科学界的兴趣。 虽然光化学模型需要量化其在植被上的干燥沉积率，但很少有研究尝试测量过氧化氢在植物上的沉积。 在之前的工作中，已经证明，在现场和实验室实验中，可以以足够的精度测量过氧化氢以计算通量。 在这项工作中，建议采用更直接的通量测量方法，即松弛涡累积（REA）方法来测量森林冠层上的过氧化氢通量。 然后，在三年的时间里，主要研究人员将进行两种类型的实验：1）现场测量过氧化氢在森林冠层的沉积率，2）对代表森林研究中发现的一些相同物种的单个树苗进行受控室内实验。 通过进行这两个实验，将可以量化实验环境条件下树冠的沉积速率，并预测沉积速率如何随着环境条件的变化而变化。 该教育计划基于三个主要目标。 与拟议的研究计划一样，教育计划也强调环境研究的跨学科性质。 计划开发本科生和研究生课程，强调污染物的跨媒体行为，并借鉴化学、生物学、大气科学和工程学等多种科学知识。 第二个目标是提高研究生和本科生工程专业学生的沟通技巧。 第三个目标是提高学生的保留率，特别是来自代表性不足群体的学生。