Dissertation Research: A Spatial Analysis of Classic Bonito Phase Chacoan Great House Communities

论文研究：经典鲣鱼阶段查科大宅群落的空间分析

• 批准号: 9510037
• 负责人: R. Gwinn Vivian
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-04-15 至 1998-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9510037&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Spatial; Analysis; Classic

Vivian Under the direction of Dr. R. Gwinn Vivian, Ms. Ruth Van Dyke will collect data for her doctoral dissertation. She will examine site plans for 9 Bonito-style prehistoric sites which are located in New Mexico in the Chaco Canyon region. At seven of the sites, extensive surface remains and architectural ruins have already been mapped and Ms. Van Dyke will digitize the site plans. This will facilitate spatial analysis. At the remaining two sites Ms. Van Dyke and assistants will use a laser transit system to produce comparable data. With this information she shall search for similarities and differences between sites and compare these to central Chaco Canyon ruins. Within sites she will attempt to determine social relations among occupants and learn whether a hierarchical system existed. Factors such as room size, arrangement and accessibility will provide a means to address this question. In the centuries immediately preceding contact with the Old World, Southwest Native American societies developed complex social systems and built sites with multi-story architecture which accommodated hundreds of individuals. A center for such development was Chaco Canyon in New Mexico. It is clear that a strong relationship existed between Chaco Canyon and over 100 outlying communities since a system of prehistoric roads connects many of these sites. However archaeologists do not understand how the Chaco system functioned. They do not know whether the Chaco "center" is responsible for the establishment of the outlier or whether essentially independent communities cooperated and that the periphery, in effect, created the core. It is also not known whether these communities were essentially equalitarian or hierarchial. The question is important because it will shed light on the social processes which gave rise to this well known society. Through architectural analysis Ms. Van Dyke can address both of these issues. This research is important for several reasons. It will provide data of interest to many archaeologists. It will shed new light on the development of social complexity and will assist in the training of a promising young scientist.

薇薇安 在R博士的指导下。格温·维维安，露丝·货车·戴克女士将为她的博士论文收集数据。她将研究位于查科峡谷地区新墨西哥州的9个博尼托风格的史前遗址的遗址规划。在其中七个地点，广泛的地表遗迹和建筑废墟已经被绘制成地图，货车戴克女士将绘制遗址平面图。这将有助于空间分析。在其余两个地点，货车戴克女士和助手将使用激光传输系统产生可比数据。有了这些信息，她将寻找遗址之间的相似之处和差异，并将其与中央查科峡谷遗址进行比较。在遗址内，她将试图确定居住者之间的社会关系，并了解是否存在等级制度。房间大小、安排和无障碍等因素将为解决这一问题提供一种手段。 在与旧大陆接触之前的几个世纪里，西南美洲原住民社会发展了复杂的社会制度，并建造了多层建筑，可容纳数百人。这种发展的中心是新墨西哥州的查科峡谷。很明显，查科峡谷和100多个边远社区之间存在着密切的关系，因为史前道路系统连接着许多这些地点。然而，考古学家并不了解查科系统是如何运作的。他们不知道究竟是查科“中心”造成了离群者，还是基本上独立的社区进行了合作，而实际上是外围社区创造了核心。也不知道这些社区基本上是平等主义的还是等级制的。这个问题很重要，因为它将揭示产生这个众所周知的社会的社会过程。通过架构分析，货车戴克女士可以解决这两个问题。 这项研究之所以重要，有几个原因。它将为许多考古学家提供感兴趣的数据。它将为社会复杂性的发展提供新的启示，并将有助于培养有前途的年轻科学家。