Behavioral Foundations of Reciprocity

弗农·史密斯、伊丽莎白·霍夫曼和亚利桑那州凯文·麦凯布大学SBR-9510919这项提议是为了继续目前的实验工作，旨在发现是什么因素导致受试者玩得更合作，惩罚比博弈论和经济学理论预测的更具侵略性。私家侦探计划进行的实验将检验进化心理学的一个猜想，即人类已经进化出一种学习和使用互惠的倾向，以帮助促进合作。在某些情况下，人们的行为遵循的是习得的经验法则，而不一定是收益最大化。这些实验的目的是找到触发这种行为的环境因素。

Vernon Smith, Elizabeth Hoffman, and Kevin McCabe University of Arizona SBR-9510919 This proposal is to continue current experimental work designed to discover what factors lead subjects to play more cooperatively and to punish more aggressively than game theory and economic theory predict. The experiments the P.I.s propose to conduct will test a conjecture from evolutionary psychology that humans have evolved a predisposition to learn and use reciprocity in order to help foster cooperation. In certain situations, people behave according to learned rules of thumb that are not necessarily payoff-maximizing. The goal of these experiments is to find the environmental factors that trigger this behavior.