Paleodiet: Moving Forward Conceptually and Backward Temporarily Using Light Stable Isotopes

Paleodiet：使用光稳定同位素在概念上前进和暂时后退

• 批准号: 9511574
• 负责人: Marilyn Fogel
• 金额: $ 16.97万
• 依托单位: Carnegie Institution of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-07-15 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9511574&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Paleodiet; Moving; Forward; Conceptually; Backward

Fogel With National Science Foundation support Dr. Fogel will culture bone cells in media that has been formulated to answer specific questions regarding the incorporation of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids into collagen and hydroxylapatite. Compound-specific isotopic measurements of C and N of individual amino acids will be determined on each of the experimental cultures. This research will provide the basis of improved interpretation of isotopic ratios from fossil bone and assist in the reconstruction of prehistoric human diet. In a second part of the study, results will be applied to six suites of fossil bone to address questions of direct archaeological relevance. Archaeologists wish to reconstruct the diet of past populations because such data not only sheds light into ancient subsistence practices but also provides insight into other aspects of societies such as the degree of hierarchical social organization. Research has indicated that the carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in bone are related to diet and that one can work backwards from skeletal remains to gain insight into what was eaten. However the process is far from straightforward and scientists do not understand how elements from different kinds of foods are differentially incorporated into the different phases of bone. Through her carefully controlled work at the cellular levels, Dr. Fogel should be able to unravel these interactions. This research will have widespread applicability not only in archaeology but in other areas of science as well.

在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，Fogel博士将在为回答有关将碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪结合到胶原和羟基磷灰石中的特定问题而设计的培养液中培养骨细胞。将在每个实验培养物上测定单个氨基酸的C和N的化合物特定同位素测量。这项研究将为改进化石骨骼同位素比值的解释提供依据，并有助于史前人类饮食的重建。在研究的第二部分，研究结果将应用于六组化石骨骼，以解决与考古学直接相关的问题。考古学家希望重建过去人口的饮食，因为这些数据不仅揭示了古代的生存习俗，还提供了对社会其他方面的洞察，如等级社会组织的程度。研究表明，骨骼中的碳和氮同位素比率与饮食有关，人们可以从骨骼遗骸向后工作，以了解吃了什么。然而，这个过程远不是一帆风顺的，科学家们也不知道不同食物中的元素是如何不同地结合到骨骼的不同阶段的。通过她在细胞层面的精心控制的工作，福格尔博士应该能够解开这些相互作用。这项研究不仅在考古学领域具有广泛的适用性，而且在其他科学领域也具有广泛的适用性。