Environmental Degradation: Benign Attitudes and Destructive Decisions

环境退化：良性态度和破坏性决定

• 批准号: 9511977
• 负责人: Max Bazerman
• 金额: $ 15.81万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-11-01 至 1998-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9511977&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Environmental; Degradation; Benign; Attitudes; Destructive

The PIs propose to examine the apparent discrepancy between the pro-environmental attitudes that people express and the less than pro-environmental behaviors that people perform. The PIs propose to perform four streams of experiments to examine this issue. In the first stream of experiments the PIs will examine preference reversals in environmental domains. The hypothesis is that when persons evaluate a single option, they tend to focus on what they want rather than what they think they should do. When choosing between two or more options, people switch their mode of decision making toward what they perceive they should do. In the second stream of experimentation, the PIs will explore the self-enhancement biases that allow people to escape blame from behaving in ways that are detrimental to the environment. In the third stream of studies the PIs will explore egocentrism in the arena of environmental decision making. By interpreting information in a self-serving manner, persons can act in an exploitative way toward the environment and toward each other and still feel that they have behaved appropriately. Finally the PIs will explore the area of generation discounting--the means by which people evaluate the relative importance of their current consumption relative to the welfare of subsequent generations.

PIs建议研究人们表达的亲环境态度和人们执行的不亲环境行为之间的明显差异。pi建议执行四个实验流来检验这个问题。在第一批实验中，pi将检查环境领域的偏好逆转。假设是，当人们评估一个单一的选择时，他们倾向于关注他们想要什么，而不是他们认为他们应该做什么。当人们在两个或多个选项之间做出选择时，他们的决策模式会转向他们认为自己应该做的事情。在第二个实验流中，pi将探索自我增强的偏见，这种偏见使人们能够逃避对环境有害行为的指责。在第三个研究流中，pi将探讨环境决策领域的自我中心主义。通过以一种自私自利的方式解释信息，人们可以以一种剥削环境和彼此的方式行事，但仍然觉得自己的行为是恰当的。最后，pi将探索世代贴现领域，即人们评估当前消费相对于后代福利的相对重要性的方法。