Dissertation Research: Mitochondrial Phylogeny of New WorldMonkeys

论文研究：新大陆猴的线粒体系统发育

• 批准号: 9514173
• 负责人: A. Meyer
• 金额: $ 0.95万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-01 至 1997-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9514173&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Mitochondrial; Phylogeny; New

Evolutionary relationships among species of New World monkeys are poorly known. Several different hypotheses of relationships have been generated with morphological characters and nuclear DNA sequences. Three major groups o f New World monkeys-callithrichids (tamarins and marmosets), pithecines (sakis and uakaris), and atelines (spider, woolly, and woolly-spider monkeys), are well supported in all of these studies. However, most of all other relationships show weak support and differ across studies, suggesting that a fast sequence of speciation events (or evolutionary radiation) occurred in some cases. Genes located in the mitochondria (extranuclear cellular organelles) have a higher rate of evolution on average than nuclear genes and chances are higher that more mutations accumulate during rapid evolutionary radiations. Hence the potential advantage of combining the existing data sets (morphological and nuclear) with mitochondrial data. The major aim of this project is to clarify the relationships among New World monkey genera. For this purpose, the researchers intend to: 1) sequence a mitochondrial gene, the 12S ribosomal gene in all genera of New World monkeys, to conduct a study of their evolutionary relationships; 2) combine the 12S sequences with published nuclear, morphological and preliminary mitochondrial data to generate a `total evidence` evolutionary tree; 3) evaluate different methods to assign differential weights to individual characters. The researchers will assume that a method that yields the species of callithrichids, pithecines, and atelines, assorted in that way, performs better than a method that does not, because these are well corroborated relationships. The project is significance because: 1) it furthers knowledge about the poorly known evolutionary relationships among New World monkeys; 2) it provides a phylogenetic framework to test hypotheses of evolution in this group; 3) it provides a test of the performance of different weighting methods.

新大陆猴子物种之间的进化关系鲜为人知。与形态特征和核DNA序列的关系已经产生了几种不同的假说。所有这些研究都很好地支持了新大陆猴子的三个主要群体--石猴(Tamarins和绒猴)、山毛猴(sakis和uakaris)和蜘蛛(蜘蛛、绒毛猴和绒蜘蛛猴子)。然而，大多数其他关系显示出弱支持，并且在不同的研究中有所不同，这表明在某些情况下发生了快速的物种形成事件(或进化辐射)。位于线粒体(核外细胞器)中的基因平均比核基因具有更高的进化速度，在快速进化辐射期间积累更多突变的可能性更高。因此，将现有的数据集(形态和核)与线粒体数据结合起来具有潜在的优势。这个项目的主要目的是阐明新大陆猴属之间的关系。为此，研究人员打算：1)对线粒体基因--新大陆猕猴所有属的12S核糖体基因--进行测序，以研究它们之间的进化关系；2)将12S序列与已公布的核、形态和初步线粒体数据相结合，生成一棵“总证据”进化树；3)评估不同的赋予个体特征差异权重的方法。研究人员将假设，以这种方式分类的甲虫、脊椎动物和线虫物种的方法比不产生这种物种的方法表现得更好，因为这些都是得到很好证实的关系。该项目之所以意义重大，是因为：1)它进一步了解了新大陆猴子之间鲜为人知的进化关系；2)它提供了一个系统发育框架来测试这一群体的进化假说；3)它测试了不同加权方法的性能。