Memory Characteristics of Elderly Eyewitnesses

老年目击者的记忆特征

• 批准号: 9515231
• 负责人: James Bartlett
• 金额: $ 17.25万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Dallas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-15 至 1998-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9515231&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Memory; Characteristics; Elderly; Eyewitnesses

9515231 Bartlett As the elderly are disproportionately likely to be the victims of certain crimes, the legal system will have to rely more and more on elderly witnesses. There has as yet been little research with respect to the performance of the elderly in this role, and existing research has yielded few solid conclusions. The objective of this research is to examine systematically the performance of the elderly as witnesses. It will (1) investigate the conditions under which the elderly are likely to perform poorly and well; (2) test the rules and procedures within the legal system that may be manipulated to enhance the quality of information obtained from elderly witnesses, (3) evaluate the utility of psychometric measures for distinguishing accurate from inaccurate witnesses, and (4) explore the potential for using the relatively unimpaired "implicit memory" of the elderly to assess the accuracy of their memories or to elicit additional information. Experiments involving simulated crimes and other events will be used to compare the performance of young and elderly subjects in order to answer basic questions about age differences. Research has documented that jurors, attorneys, and others within the legal system tend to assume that the elderly witnesses have difficulty in performing accurately. Our goal is to obtain solid information as to what, if anything, should be considered when dealing with seniors who are witnesses to crimes. %%%% As the elderly are disproportionately likely to be the victims of certain crimes, the legal system will have to rely more and more on elderly witnesses. There has as yet been little research with respect to the performance of the elderly in this role, and existing research has yielded few solid conclusions. The objective of this research is to examine systematically the performance of the elderly as witnesses. It will (1) investigate the conditions under which the elderly are likely to perform poorly and well; (2) test the rules and procedures within th e legal system that may be manipulated to enhance the quality of information obtained from elderly witnesses, (3) evaluate the utility of psychometric measures for distinguishing accurate from inaccurate witnesses, and (4) explore the potential for using the relatively unimpaired "implicit memory" of the elderly to assess the accuracy of their memories or to elicit additional information. Experiments involving simulated crimes and other events will be used to compare the performance of young and elderly subjects in order to answer basic questions about age differences. Research has documented that jurors, attorneys, and others within the legal system tend to assume that the elderly witnesses have difficulty in performing accurately. Our goal is to obtain solid information as to what, if anything, should be considered when dealing with seniors who are witnesses to crimes. ****

9515231巴特利特由于老年人成为某些罪行受害者的可能性不成比例，法律的制度将不得不越来越依赖老年证人。迄今为止，关于老年人在这一角色中的表现的研究很少，现有的研究也没有得出什么可靠的结论。本研究的目的是系统地考察老年人作为证人的表现。它将（1）调查老年人可能表现不佳和良好的条件;（2）测试法律的系统内的规则和程序，这些规则和程序可能被操纵，以提高从老年证人那里获得的信息的质量，（3）评估心理测量措施在区分准确和不准确证人方面的效用，（4）探索利用老年人相对未受损的“内隐记忆”来评估其记忆的准确性或引出额外信息的可能性。涉及模拟犯罪和其他事件的实验将用于比较年轻和老年受试者的表现，以回答有关年龄差异的基本问题。研究表明，陪审员、律师和其他法律的系统内的人往往认为老年证人很难准确地履行职责。 我们的目标是获得可靠的信息，如果有的话，在与作为犯罪证人的老年人打交道时应该考虑什么。 由于老年人成为某些罪行受害者的可能性不成比例，法律的制度将不得不越来越依赖老年人证人。迄今为止，关于老年人在这一角色中的表现的研究很少，现有的研究也没有得出什么可靠的结论。本研究的目的是系统地考察老年人作为证人的表现。它将（1）调查老年人可能表现不佳和良好的条件;（2）测试法律的系统中的规则和程序，这些规则和程序可以被操纵，以提高从老年证人那里获得的信息的质量，（3）评估心理测量方法在区分准确和不准确的证人方面的效用，（4）探索利用老年人相对未受损的“内隐记忆”来评估其记忆的准确性或引出额外信息的可能性。涉及模拟犯罪和其他事件的实验将用于比较年轻和老年受试者的表现，以回答有关年龄差异的基本问题。研究表明，陪审员、律师和其他法律的系统内的人往往认为老年证人很难准确地履行职责。 我们的目标是获得可靠的信息，如果有的话，在与作为犯罪证人的老年人打交道时应该考虑什么。 ****