Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics of the S-Locus in the Solanaceae

小行星9527834 使用一种新的分子方法将提供有关自交不亲和性（S）基因座的详细信息，该基因座控制番茄家族（茄科）成员对自交花粉的排斥和对杂交花粉的接受。这个基因位点控制着一个自我识别和排斥的细胞系统，目前我们只对这个系统有部分了解。 到目前为止，该基因座上的DNA序列信息仅限于来自广泛分离物种的相当少的、高度分化的等位基因。在群体水平上对S基因座的研究很少，因为目前确定个体植物基因型的技术需要使用繁琐的杂交方法。我们的分子方法减少了对群体内和群体之间的S-等位基因多样性进行采样所需的时间，并提供了密切相关的等位基因的详细分子信息，用于研究DNA序列变化和排斥特异性之间的关系。 等位基因数量的信息将被用来与物种的生态特征，有效的人口规模，数量的保护生物学家的关注。S等位基因的谱系结构将被用来测量历史瓶颈的频率，并测试物种形成的一种可能机制的频率。在携带具有非常相似的分子序列的S等位基因的植物之间进行测试杂交将有助于解决序列变异与从非自花花粉中识别自花花粉的能力之间的关系。了解序列如何控制排斥特异性将提供有用的信息，在植物育种中自交不亲和限制育种者的能力，创造纯合自交系。

9527834 KOHN The use of a novel molecular approach will provide detailed information on the self-incompatibility (S) locus, which controls the rejection of self pollen and acceptance of cross pollen in members of the tomato family (Solanaceae). This genetic locus controls a cellular system of self-recognition and rejection that is only partially understood at present. DNA sequence information at this locus has so far been limited to rather few, highly divergent, alleles from widely separated species. The S-locus has been little studied at the population level because current technology for determining the genotype of individual plants requires the use of cumbersome crossing methods. Our molecular approach decreases the time needed to sample S-allele diversity within and between populations and provides detailed molecular information from closely related alleles for studying the relationship between DNA sequence change and rejection specificity. Information on allele number will be used to relate species ecological characteristics to effective population size, a quantity of concern to conservation biologists. Genealogical structure of S-alleles will be used to measure the frequency of historical bottlenecks and test the frequency of one possible mechanism for species formation. Test crosses among plants carrying S-alleles with very similar molecular sequences will help resolve the relationship between sequence variation and the ability to recognize self from non-self pollen. Understanding how sequences control rejection specificity will provide information useful in plant breeding where self-incompatibility limits the breeder's ability to create homozygous inbred lines.