Collaborative Research: Diversification of the Self-incompatibility Locus in the Papaveraceae

合作研究：罂粟科自交不亲和基因座的多样化

• 批准号: 0639984
• 负责人: Joshua Kohn
• 金额: $ 29.42万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-03-15 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0639984&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Diversification; Self; incompatibility

Many plants can recognize and reject their own pollen in order to avoid the deleterious effects of self-fertilization. Current knowledge of pollen recognition systems in plants comes from just two molecular systems. This project will explore a third system, that of the poppy family. This system has several advantages for studying self-recognition including ease of mating-type determination and the availability of in-vitro assays of rejection reactions. The investigators will determine the history of different mating-type alleles at the self-recognition locus. The data will be used to test recent models of the development of self-recognition loci and will provide comparisons with other systems in which the selective forces are the same, but the molecular mechanisms of self-recognition differ. Self-recognition genes provide stunning examples of extreme genetic variation. The process underlying this variation is selection that continuously favors new or rare types. Selection favoring rarity underlies the diversification of the immune system genes in humans and may be responsible for the maintenance of sex in plants and animals. This study will contribute to our knowledge of the maintenance of variation at these loci which is required to maintain population viability. In addition, this project will provide extensive training for undergraduate and graduate student, including Native Alaskans.

许多植物可以识别并拒绝自己的花粉，以避免自体受精的有害影响。目前对植物花粉识别系统的了解仅来自两个分子系统。该项目将探索第三个系统，即罂粟科系统。该系统对于研究自我识别有几个优点，包括易于确定交配类型和可进行体外排斥反应测定。研究人员将确定自我识别位点上不同交配型等位基因的历史。这些数据将用于测试自我识别基因座发展的最新模型，并将与选择力相同但自我识别分子机制不同的其他系统进行比较。自我识别基因提供了极端遗传变异的惊人例子。这种变异背后的过程是不断偏爱新的或稀有类型的选择。有利于稀有性的选择是人类免疫系统基因多样化的基础，并且可能负责植物和动物性别的维持。这项研究将有助于我们了解这些基因座的变异的维持，这是维持种群生存能力所必需的。此外，该项目将为本科生和研究生（包括阿拉斯加原住民）提供广泛的培训。