Disseration Research: Nuclear and Mitochondrial Phylogeny of the New World Monkeys

论文研究：新世界猴的核和线粒体系统发育

• 批准号: 9528339
• 负责人: Maryellen Ruvolo
• 金额: $ 0.38万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-03-01 至 1997-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9528339&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Disseration; Research; Nuclear; Mitochondrial; Phylogeny

Understanding how animal species are related to each other is fundamental to understanding the diversity of the living world, and provides the framework upon which the rest of biology can build knowledge. Today, new genetic technologies involving the acquisition and analysis of DNA sequence data are providing major new insights in this area, allowing us to understand both how diverse organisms are related to each other and how DNA itself changes over time. One group of animals that is poorly understood is the family of New World monkeys. The application of new DNA technologies to elucidating the relationships among the members of this group has the potential to yield significant amounts of information, clarifying our view of this branch of the primate order and contributing to our overall knowledge about the natural world. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data will be collected for representatives of fourteen taxa of New World monkeys. The genes to be studied are the nuclear X-encoded glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase locus (G6PD) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COII) locus. These newly-generated 32 kilobases of DNA sequence data will be combined with existing DNA sequence data for the same two loci from other New World monkey taxa to reconstruct phylogenetic trees of the platyrrhines using a variety of tree-building algorithms (maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and distance). These new data will be used to measure the extent of genetic variation within seven genera of platyrrhines and to increase the overall robustness of phylogenetic estimation. Molecular evolutionary rates of change will be compared between these mitochondrial coding and nuclear non-coding regions. The mitochondrial COII data will be examined to gain a better understanding of the rate speedup within haplorhines at this locus. Finally, substitution patterns at the functionally characterized mitochondrial locus will be studied for evidence of constraints on nucleotide substitutions.

了解动物物种之间的相互关系对于了解生物世界的多样性至关重要，并为生物学的其他部分提供了建立知识的框架。今天，涉及DNA序列数据获取和分析的新遗传技术正在为这一领域提供重要的新见解，使我们能够了解不同生物体之间的相互关系以及DNA本身如何随时间变化。 人们对新世界猴家族的一种动物了解甚少。 应用新的DNA技术来阐明这一群体成员之间的关系，有可能产生大量的信息，澄清我们对灵长类动物这一分支的看法，并有助于我们对自然世界的全面了解。 将收集新世界猴14个分类群代表的核和线粒体DNA序列数据。待研究的基因是核X编码的葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶位点（G6 PD）和线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基II（COII）位点。这些新生成的32个碱基的DNA序列数据将与来自其他新世界猴分类群的相同两个位点的现有DNA序列数据相结合，以使用各种树构建算法（最大简约法，最大似然法和距离）重建阔鼻猴的系统发育树。 这些新的数据将被用来衡量宽鼻类7个属内的遗传变异程度，并增加系统发育估计的整体稳健性。 将比较这些线粒体编码区和核非编码区之间的分子进化变化率。 将检查线粒体COII数据，以更好地理解在该位点的单殖吸虫内的速率加速。 最后，在功能特征的线粒体基因座的取代模式将进行研究的证据限制核苷酸取代。