ECM: Reducing the Use of Environmentally Hazardous Fluids in Grinding

ECM：减少磨削中对环境有害的液体的使用

• 批准号: 9528679
• 负责人: Adrienne Lavine
• 金额: $ 25.11万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-10-01 至 1999-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9528679&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ECM; Reducing; Use; Environmentally; Hazardous

9528679 Lavine The fluids used in grinding present an environmental hazard. They adversely affect the health of personnel in the machine room, and used grinding fluid containing metal chips is a source of pollution which must be properly disposed of. The objective of this research is to develop a variety of strategies for enabling dry or reduced fluid grinding which will work in different situations. Research approaches are to include: (1) improving the wheel design, e.g., Cubic Boron Nitride wheels with optimal grain size and spacing, enhanced thermal conductivity bonds; (2) optimizing the grinding conditions with the goal of reducing fluid usage; (3) using alternative cooling strategies, e.g. "cold air guns" based on vortex tubes, evaporative cooling, internal wheel cooling, and other approaches. These strategies are to be explored experimentally and analytically. The results of the experiments will be twofold: (a) quantify the efficacy of the various strategies in eliminating or reducing fluid usage, and (b) provide the data needed as input to, and validation of, the model. The analytical model will predict temperatures, given the measured grinding power. With this information, the model can be used in guiding the selection of wheel designs, explaining the experimental results, suggesting new experimental conditions to explore, and thus ultimately, guiding industrial process design. The final phase of the project will be the "proof of concept," in which the most favorable strategies are used and optimized for a realistic grinding application, chosen in cooperation with the industrial partners, for reducing the environmental impact of the grinding process. Grinding fluids containing metal chips pose a disposable problem and hence added manufacturing cost. If the use of grinding fluids can be reduced without adverse performance impact via alternate cooling strategies, recovery of "dry" metal chips can be facilitated. If successful, the grinding industry could be on e less contributor to the environmental problems.

小行星9528679 研磨中使用的流体存在环境危害。 它们会对机房人员的健康产生不利影响，并且使用过的含有金属碎片的磨削液是必须妥善处理的污染源。 这项研究的目的是开发各种策略，使干或减少流体磨削，将在不同的情况下工作。 研究方法包括：（1）改进车轮设计，例如，立方氮化硼砂轮具有最佳的晶粒尺寸和间距，增强了导热性和结合力;（2）优化磨削条件，以减少流体使用量;（3）使用替代冷却策略，例如基于涡流管的“冷空气枪”、蒸发冷却、内部砂轮冷却和其他方法。 这些策略将通过实验和分析进行探索。 实验的结果将是双重的：（a）量化各种策略在消除或减少液体使用方面的功效，以及（B）提供所需的数据作为模型的输入和验证。 该分析模型将预测温度，给定测量的磨削功率。 有了这些信息，该模型可以用于指导选择车轮设计，解释实验结果，建议新的实验条件进行探索，从而最终指导工业过程设计。 该项目的最后阶段将是“概念验证”，在此过程中，与工业合作伙伴合作，针对实际的磨削应用选择最有利的策略并进行优化，以减少磨削过程对环境的影响。 含有金属碎片的磨削液造成一次性问题，因此增加了制造成本。 如果可以通过替代冷却策略减少磨削液的使用而不会对性能产生不利影响，则可以促进“干”金属切屑的回收。 如果成功的话，研磨工业对环境问题的贡献可能会减少。