Plasticity of Life History Traits in Arctic Charr: Use of Retrospective Data to Couple Migration Data with Environmental Variation

北极红点鲑生活史特征的可塑性：利用回顾性数据将迁徙数据与环境变化耦合起来

• 批准号: 9530081
• 负责人: Richard Radtke
• 金额: $ 18.07万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-15 至 1999-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9530081&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Plasticity; Life; History; Traits; Arctic

The relationships between morphology and environmental history will be investigated. The plan of research is aimed at 1) refining and advancing promising, but nascent, techniques for extracting a record of the past life history and environmental conditions encountered by individual fish from otolith carbonate and archival tags, and 2) exploring a fresh approach to investigate the influence of environmental conditions upon morphology and life history plasticity by applying experimentally validated otolith techniques to individuals from a multitude of natural conditions. The goals are to establish retrospective and predictive relationships between the chemical structure of otoliths and environmental factors: to understand interactions among environmental factors that affect chemical structure; and to combine the environmental information encoded in otoliths with field observations to evaluate the importance of biotic and abiotic parameters to the establishment of divergent life history patterns in Arctic charr. Daily growth increments, the ratios of elements in the otolith and archival tag information will be used to back-calculate environmental and somatic changes for individual fish. Techniques will be applied to: 1) Assess life history data (i.e., growth rates, age structure, hatch date distribution, timing of spawning, etc.) in terms of life history strategies. 2) Establish the importance of critical life-history transitions, conditions affecting their onset, and derive migrational schemes (whether an individual is a migrant or a resident, age at first migration, whether a former migrant individual will resume a resident life history strategy, and the events leading and following migration) by investigating the structural and elemental composition of fish otoliths. 3) Detect differences in growth and life histories between different geographical areas as related to hydrographic, trophic or habitat conditions. 4) Precisely time the occurrence of several pivotal life history transitions and correlate them with environmental variables. The results of the proposed research will provide a paradigm to the study of fish life histories. Such knowledge is vital to our understanding of the processes fundamental to adaptable life history patterns and would make it possible to link growth and migration to environmental occurrences. This would provide insight to the ecological process of interactions between a species and its environment. In a general ecological sense such information is of great and fundamental importance since it will allow to reconstruct the complex environmental interactions that are integrated among individuals to provide for both the short term stability and the long term evolution of families of individuals, populations and species.

将研究形态学与环境历史之间的关系。 研究计划的目的是：1）完善和推进有前途的，但新生的，从耳石碳酸盐和档案标签中提取个体鱼类过去生活史和环境条件记录的技术，和2）探索一种新的方法来研究环境条件对形态和生活史可塑性的影响，众多的自然条件。 目标是建立回顾性和预测性的化学结构的耳石和环境因素之间的关系：了解环境因素之间的相互作用，影响化学结构，并结合联合收割机的环境信息编码的耳石与现场观察，以评估生物和非生物参数的重要性，建立不同的生活史模式在北极红点鲑。 每日的增长增量，耳石和档案标签信息的元素的比例将被用来反算个别鱼的环境和体细胞的变化。 技术将应用于： 1)评估生活史数据（即，增长率，年龄结构， 孵化日期分布、产卵时间等）方面 生活史策略的一部分。 2)确立关键生活史的重要性 过渡，影响其发生的条件，并衍生 移民计划（无论个人是移民还是 居民、首次移徙时的年龄、 个人将恢复居民生活史策略， 移民前后的事件）， 鱼类耳石的结构和元素组成。 3)检测生长和生活史的差异， 与水文有关的不同地理区域， 营养或生境条件。 4)几个关键生命的发生时间 历史变迁并将其与环境 变量 该研究结果将为鱼类生活史的研究提供一个范例。 这些知识对于我们理解适应性生命史模式的基本过程至关重要，并将使我们有可能将生长和迁移与环境事件联系起来。 这将为物种与其环境之间相互作用的生态过程提供洞察力。 在一般的生态学意义上，这种信息是非常重要的，因为它将允许重建复杂的环境相互作用，这些相互作用在个体之间整合，以提供个体，种群和物种的家庭的短期稳定性和长期进化。