SBIR Phase I: On-Site Production of Hydrogen

SBIR 第一阶段：现场制氢

• 批准号: 9560504
• 负责人: Richard Baker
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-02-01 至 1996-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9560504&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Site; Production; Hydrogen

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project concerns the production of hydrogen fuel for use in Next Generation Vehicles. Hydrogen is an environmentally clean fuel, but it is difficult to transport and store. A low-cost method of producing hydrogen from natural gas in the 1,000-1,000,000 scfd range is required, so that hydrogen can be manufactured close to the point of use. This project develops a methane reformer fitted with a hydrogen-selective palladium-alloy membrane to separate hydrogen from carbon dioxide. The process is expected to produce 99 percent pure hydrogen at low cost and operate in small-scale hydrogen production plants. To be feasible, efficient high-temperature hydrogen-selective membranes are required in the process. Palladium-alloy membranes have the required selectivity, but currently, such membranes are 10-25 microns thick and are very expensive for an industrial process. This research explores the use of sputter-coated palladium-alloy membranes only 1,000 Angstroms thick. These membranes have been produced in small rolls and have hydrogen/carbon dioxide selectivities of greater than 2,000. The Phase I objective is to show that palladium-alloy membranes can be adapted for use at temperatures as high as 250 degrees C to allow high fluxes. The membranes must also be mechanically strong enough for incorporation into membrane modules. If approved, Phase II would scale up membrane production to industrial-scale modules, which would be installed with a small reformer to produce hydrogen in pilot-scale equipment. These on-site hydrogen production units would make the use of hydrogen as a fuel much more attractive. The systems are also likely to find an immediate use in the on-site production of hydrogen for users in chemical, metallurgical and electronics industries.

这项小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目涉及生产用于下一代汽车的氢燃料。氢是一种环境清洁燃料，但难以运输和储存。需要一种从天然气中生产氢气的低成本方法，在1,000-1,000,000立方英尺/天的范围内，以便氢气可以在靠近使用点的地方制造。该项目开发了一种甲烷重整器，配有氢选择性钯合金膜，可将氢气从二氧化碳中分离出来。该过程有望以低成本生产99%的纯氢，并在小型氢气生产工厂中运行。为了实现这一过程，需要高效的高温选氢膜。钯合金膜具有所需的选择性，但目前，这种膜的厚度为10-25微米，对于工业过程来说非常昂贵。本研究探索了仅1000埃厚的溅射涂层钯合金膜的使用。这些膜是小卷生产的，氢/二氧化碳的选择性大于2000。第一阶段的目标是表明钯合金膜可以适应在高达250摄氏度的温度下使用，以允许高通量。这些膜还必须具有足够的机械强度，以便与膜模块结合。如果获得批准，第二阶段将把膜生产规模扩大到工业规模的模块，这些模块将安装一个小型重整器，在中试规模的设备上生产氢气。这些现场制氢装置将使氢作为燃料的使用更具吸引力。该系统还可能在化学、冶金和电子工业用户的现场氢气生产中立即得到使用。