Surface Chemical Reaction Techniques for Ultrathin CompositeMembranes

超薄复合膜表面化学反应技术

• 批准号: 9060012
• 负责人: Richard Baker
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-01-01 至 1991-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9060012&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Surface; Chemical; Reaction; Techniques; Ultrathin

Membrane diffusion is an inherently slow process. Consequently, membrane-based separation processes can be only economically viable if extremely thin, defect-free membranes are used. Thin-film composite membranes with a permselective layer thickness down to about 0.5 >m can be made by presently available techniques. The goal of this program is to develop the technology for making industrial-scale composite membranes with a permselective layer thickness of 0.1 >m or below. The membranes will be made by solution coating an elastomeric polymer material onto a microporous support. The upper surface of the coated layer will then be converted to a glassy crosslinked zone by surface treatment with a reactive organic species. The result will be a zone of thickness less than 0.1 >m with greatly enhanced selectivity. Because the glassy layer is so thin, the flux will also be very high compared with that of a standard composite membrane with a glassy permselective layer.

膜扩散本身就是一个缓慢的过程。因此，只有在使用极薄、无缺陷的膜的情况下，基于膜的分离过程才能在经济上可行。用目前可用的技术可以制得渗透层厚度低至约0.5微米的薄膜复合膜。该计划的目标是开发工业规模的复合膜技术，使其具有0.1&gt；m或以下的选择性渗透层厚度。这些膜将通过溶液将弹性聚合物材料涂覆到微孔支撑体上而制成。然后，涂层的上表面将通过与活性有机物种的表面处理而转变为玻璃状交联区。结果将是一个厚度小于0.1&gt；m的区域，选择性大大增强。由于玻璃层很薄，与选择玻璃层的标准复合膜相比，通量也会很高。