SBIR PHASE I: Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol on Microparticles in Polypyrrole

SBIR 第一阶段：聚吡咯微粒上的甲醇电催化氧化

• 批准号: 9561662
• 负责人: Krzysztof Franaszczuk
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: Lynntech Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-05-15 至 1996-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9561662&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; PHASE; Electrocatalytic; Oxidation; Methanol

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project will explore the synthesis of polymer-based catalysts for methanol electro-oxidation to carbon dioxide. A novel in situ electrochemical nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method will be used for characterization of the catalyst. The research will address molecular principles of reactivity enhancement in heterogeneous oxidative electrocatalysis with bimetal platinum/ruthenium (Pt/Ru) electrodes and with the electrodes supplemented by ternary components. The objectives will be to synthesize polypyrrole-embedded Pt/Ru nanoparticles to produce an efficient catalysis and to characterize the catalyst and how it works. The research will drawn upon recent progress in electrocatalysis, such as: (i) the demonstration of promising carbon monoxide poison-tolerant properties of polymer-embedded metal particles in methanol electro-oxidation; (ii) an ability to form micro- and nano-scale particles of platinum metals reproducibly in conducting polymers; and (iii) progress in solid-state NMR and electro-analytical methodology in electrochemical surface science. Phase I will study the particle size effect on the methanol oxidative electrocatalysis, as well as the particle composition in terms of the Pt/Ru ratio, and the addition of ternary copper and rhodium. Polypyrrole-embedded Pt/Ru nanoparticles will be used, supported on a gold substrate. The principal methods will be voltammetry, chrono-amperometry, and electrochemical NMR. High reactivity is expected to be obtained as well as insights into the fuel cell electrode process and oxidative heterogeneous electrocatalysis. This research will provide a base for new alloy- and chemically-modified electrode materials in conducting polymeric matrices for poison-free current generation in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Mobil electric power uses of DMFCs may be used in the electric-car Next Generation Vehicle (NGV). Phase II of this project would provide scale-up of selected catalysts for commercialization.

该小型企业创新研究 (SBIR) 第一阶段项目将探索用于甲醇电氧化成二氧化碳的聚合物催化剂的合成。 一种新颖的原位电化学核磁共振（NMR）方法将用于表征催化剂。 该研究将探讨双金属铂/钌（Pt/Ru）电极和三元组分补充电极在多相氧化电催化中增强反应活性的分子原理。 目标是合成聚吡咯嵌入的 Pt/Ru 纳米粒子，以产生有效的催化作用，并表征催化剂及其工作原理。 该研究将借鉴电催化领域的最新进展，例如：（i）展示聚合物嵌入的金属颗粒在甲醇电氧化中具有良好的一氧化碳耐毒性能； (ii) 在导电聚合物中可重复地形成微米级和纳米级铂金属颗粒的能力； (iii) 电化学表面科学中固态核磁共振和电分析方法的进展。 第一阶段将研究粒径对甲醇氧化电催化的影响，以及 Pt/Ru 比例的颗粒组成，以及三元铜和铑的添加。 将使用聚吡咯嵌入的 Pt/Ru 纳米颗粒，支撑在金基板上。 主要方法是伏安法、计时电流法和电化学核磁共振法。 预计将获得高反应性以及对燃料电池电极过程和氧化多相电催化的深入了解。 这项研究将为新型合金和化学改性电极材料在直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）中传导聚合物基质以产生无毒电流奠定基础。 美孚电力使用的DMFC可用于电动汽车下一代汽车(NGV)。 该项目的第二阶段将扩大选定催化剂的商业化规模。