Nuclear Theory and Applications to Astrophysics and Particle Physics

核理论及其在天体物理学和粒子物理学中的应用

• 批准号: 9600445
• 负责人: Stuart Pittel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Bartol Research Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-15 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9600445&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nuclear; Theory; Applications; Astrophysics; Particle

This proposal centers around nuclear theory and its application to issues of importance in astrophysics and particle physics. Traditionally, the atomic nucleus is viewed as a system of neutrons and protons -- the nucleons. The interactions between nucleons lead to a variety of collective properties, involving neutrons and protons moving coherently. Projects to understand why many nuclei exhibit collective behavior typical of an enharmonic vibrator and to assess the role of proton-neutron collective pair correlations in nuclei near the proton drip line are proposed. Despite the enormous success of the traditional picture, there is now great interest in going one step deeper, to obtain a consistent picture of nuclei directly from the quark constituents of the nucleon. Baryon mappings have been suggested as a practical approach for realizing this goal. Several issues related to implementation of this method will be investigated, followed by detailed applications to real nuclear systems. Nuclear physics also plays an important role in efforts to extract information of fundamental importance in astrophysics. Two such applications will be considered -- a study of the response of a proposed iodine detector to solar neutrinos and a treatment of the beta decays associated with r- and p- process nucleosynthesis.

这项提议围绕核理论及其在天体物理和粒子物理中的重要问题的应用展开。传统上，原子核被视为一个由中子和质子组成的系统--核子。核子之间的相互作用导致了各种集体性质，包括中子和质子的相干运动。为了理解为什么许多原子核表现出非简谐振子的典型集体行为，并评估质子滴线附近原子核中质子-中子集体对关联的作用，提出了一些计划。尽管传统的图像取得了巨大的成功，但现在人们对更深入一步--直接从核子的夸克成分获得一致的核图像--非常感兴趣。重子映射被认为是实现这一目标的一种实用方法。将研究与该方法的实施有关的几个问题，然后详细地应用于实际的核系统。核物理在提取天体物理学中至关重要的信息方面也发挥着重要作用。将考虑两个这样的应用--研究拟议的碘探测器对太阳中微子的响应，以及处理与r-和p-过程核合成有关的β衰变。