Economic Survey Response Behavior: Experiments Using A Virtual Laboratory

经济调查响应行为：使用虚拟实验室的实验

• 批准号: 9601149
• 负责人: Daniel McFadden
• 金额: $ 4.52万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-15 至 2003-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9601149&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Economic; Survey; Response; Behavior; Experiments

Daniel L. McFadden University of California - Berkeley SBR-9601149 Economic and other surveys are plagued by the continuing problem of trying to elicit information about respondents' true behavior. Survey questions must be carefully framed to accomplish the aim of eliciting accurate information. Among the specific problems arising in survey design to be investigated are anchoring and focal points. Anchoring refers to a widely observed and well- documented family effects in which presumably irrelevant cues or settings provided by questions influence responses. For example, subjects asked to judge whether an uncertain quantity, such as the length of the Amazon, exceeds a certain value (the anchor) and then asked for an estimate, will typically give a response that is pulled toward the anchor. Focal point refers to a rounded off, conventional response. For example, subjects asked for the time it takes them to get to work will frequently give answers such as 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 minutes, rather than intermediate values, so that one observes spikes of responses at these focal values even though the true values have a continuous distribution. The research will use econometric methods to infer the extent of these biases and how they might be adjusted for based on experiments with questionnaire design using the internet (world-wide web) as a virtual laboratory.

丹尼尔湖McFadden University of加州伯克利分校SBR-9601149 经济和其他调查一直受到试图获取受访者真实行为信息的问题的困扰。 调查问题必须精心设计，以达到引出准确信息的目的。 在调查设计中出现的有待调查的具体问题包括锚点和焦点。 干扰效应是指一种被广泛观察到的、有据可查的家庭效应，在这种效应中，由问题提供的可能不相关的线索或设置影响了回答。 例如，被试被要求判断一个不确定的量（如亚马逊河的长度）是否超过某个值（锚），然后被要求估计，通常会给出一个被拉向锚的响应。 焦点是指一个四舍五入，传统的反应。 例如，当被问到上班时间时，受试者通常会给出5分钟、10分钟、15分钟、30分钟、60分钟等答案，而不是中间值，因此，即使真实值具有连续分布，人们也会在这些焦点值处观察到反应尖峰。 研究将使用计量经济学方法来推断这些偏差的程度，以及如何根据使用互联网（万维网）作为虚拟实验室的问卷设计进行调整。