Latent Network Analysis of Central Processing

中央处理的潜在网络分析

• 批准号: 9601465
• 负责人: Richard Schweickert
• 金额: $ 19.53万
• 依托单位: Purdue Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-01 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9601465&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Latent; Network; Analysis; Central; Processing

9601465 SCHWEICKERT Someone performing a task such as searching a screen for a symbol of a certain size and shape must carry out mental processes, such as perceiving, remembering, and deciding. In some situations the processes must be carried out in a certain order, for example when the output of one process is the input to another. In other situations, there may be several ways in which the processes could be ordered, for example, if two responses are to be made and there is a choice about which response to make first. These choices sometimes lead to scheduling problems. Major scheduling conflicts arise from competition for space in working memory, where information relevant to an ongoing task is held for a short time. All evidence points to the conclusion that working memory space is very limited, so that usually only one process can use it actively at a time. For example, there is evidence that mental arithmetic cannot be carried out simultaneously with a search of memory. This research will explore the possibility that certain processes can use working memory simultaneously. The main processes of interest are those that prepare or set up the working memory space for processes that are immanent. These preparation processes operate behind the scenes, so to speak, and may not make intensive demands for space themselves. Preparatory processes of special interest are those that schedule the upcoming processes. One hypothesis to be tested is whether preparation of upcoming processes can be carried out simultaneously with other ongoing processing. This research would not be feasible if it were not possible to figure out whether covert mental processes are executed concurrently or sequentially, and, if they are sequential, what the order of execution is. A methodology for doing this, Latent Network Theory, was developed in previous research. It is based on reaction time and other performance measures. While this research is fundamental in na ture, it will help us understand the performance of humans in the sorts of speeded tasks that arise in all manner of practical arenas, such as the operation of complex equipment, and the design of those tasks (and the relevant equipment) so that they build on the capabilities of the humans who will have to perform them. ***

9601465 SCHWEICKERT 执行任务（例如在屏幕上搜索特定大小和形状的符号）的人必须执行心理过程，例如感知、记忆和决定。 在某些情况下，过程必须按特定顺序执行，例如当一个过程的输出是另一个过程的输入时。 在其他情况下，可以有多种方式对过程进行排序，例如，如果要做出两个响应并且可以选择首先做出哪个响应。 这些选择有时会导致日程安排问题。 主要的调度冲突源于工作记忆空间的竞争，其中与正在进行的任务相关的信息被保存很短的时间。 所有证据都表明工作内存空间非常有限，因此通常一次只有一个进程可以主动使用它。 例如，有证据表明心算不能与记忆搜索同时进行。 这项研究将探讨某些过程可以同时使用工作记忆的可能性。 感兴趣的主要进程是那些为内在进程准备或设置工作内存空间的进程。 可以说，这些准备过程在幕后进行，可能不会对空间本身提出强烈的要求。 特别令人感兴趣的准备过程是那些安排即将进行的过程的过程。 要测试的一个假设是即将进行的流程的准备是否可以与其他正在进行的流程同时进行。 如果无法弄清楚隐秘的心理过程是同时执行还是顺序执行，以及如果是顺序执行，则执行顺序是什么，这项研究就不可行。 之前的研究开发了一种方法，即潜在网络理论。 它基于反应时间和其他性能指标。 虽然这项研究本质上是基础性的，但它将帮助我们了解人类在各种实际领域中出现的各种快速任务中的表现，例如复杂设备的操作，以及这些任务（和相关设备）的设计，以便它们建立在必须执行这些任务的人类能力的基础上。 ***