Vacuolar Sequestration of Anthocyanin in Maize
Vacuolar Sequestration of Anthocyanin in Maize
批准号:
9603927
负责人:
Virginia Walbot
金额:
$36.98万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
Continuing Grant
财政年份:
1997
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
1997-01-15 至 2000-09-30
中文摘要
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英文摘要
9603927 Walbot Flowering plants synthesize an incredible diversity of "toxic" natural products. The PIs use many of these compounds in medicine, for example, the anti-cancer drugs taxol and colchicine, the heart medicine digitalis, and even the widely used pain relievers of aspirin and quinine are based on plant natural products. Within the plant, theses compounds and many additional pigments and secondary metabolites deter herbivores and pathogens, and are thus part of the plant's ability to survive in the natural world. Surprisingly little is known, however, about how plants can synthesize "toxic" molecules and yet avoid damaging their own cells. Biosynthesis occurs in the plant cell cytoplasm, but the toxic metabolites are stored in the plant vacuole. The biochemistry and molecular biology of anthocyanin pigment biosynthesis is the best understood secondary metabolite pathway in higher plants. Anthocyanins are the red-blue-purple pigments found in most flowers and many fruits, and their color makes them a useful "marker" for elucidating the mechanisms of vacuolar sequestration. In maize, the Bronze2 gene encodes that last genetically defined step in anthocyanin biosynthesis. This enzyme is a glutathione S-transferase (GST) that adds a chemical "tag" to cytoplasmic anthocyanin that facilitates entry into the plant vacuole. This is the first established mechanism by which plants can transport large secondary metabolites into the vacuole. In the proposed work, the investigators will define the distribution of the Bronze2 enzyme, determine if it complexes with other GSTs, and determine if this enzyme has additional in vivo substrates besides anthocyanin. Mutants in Bz2 and other maize GSTs will be used to define which enzymes perform unique roles and which have overlapping roles. Structural studies of the transiently glutathionationated anthocyanin pigment will define the site(s) of glutathione tagging and determine if subsequent anthocyanin modification in the vacuole occurs at th e same sites tagged with glutathione in the cytoplasm. Understanding the key steps of anthocyanin transfer from cytoplasm to vacuole will provide new insights into the capacity of plants to synthesize and store a wide range of toxic but very useful metabolites.
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批准号:0852788
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$19.1万
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Cell Fate Acquisition in Maize
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批准号:0701880
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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SGER: Custom Reagents for Flavonoid Analysis
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批准号:0140114
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$4.98万
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财政年份:2002
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Vacuolar Sequestration of Anthocyanin in Maize
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批准号:0083221
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$40.5万
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财政年份:2000
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Maize Gene Discovery, Sequencing and Phenotypic Analysis
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批准号:9872657
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财政年份:1998
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Mechanism of Pattern Formation in Plants
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批准号:9603705
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$21.0万
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财政年份:1997
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Interdisciplinary Research Training Group on Plants in the Environment: From Molecules To Global Change
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批准号:9220571
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$185.0万
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Facility for Plant Research
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批准号:8408493
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$52.06万
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财政年份:1985
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Differentiation of Mitochondria of Maize
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批准号:8215529
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$5.62万
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财政年份:1983
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Evolution of Dna Sequences in Plants
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批准号:8115322
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资助金额:$7.01万
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Collaborative Research on the Developmental, Genetic and Physiological Constraints on Leaf Lesion Formation
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批准号:8017716
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$6.0万
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财政年份:1980
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Genetic Regulation of the Synthesis of Chloroplast Proteins
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批准号:7824293
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$0.83万
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财政年份:1979
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Evolution of Dna Sequences in Plants
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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财政年份:1979
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Nuclear Gene Control of Organelle Development
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批准号:7806818
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项目类别:Continuing Grant
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资助金额:$10.5万
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财政年份:1978
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Acquisition of Plant Developmental Research Equipment
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批准号:7714601
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$4.75万
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财政年份:1977
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Workshop on the Analysis of Metabolism in Single Cells, St. Louis, Missouri During May 1977
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批准号:7701530
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$0.46万
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财政年份:1977
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
Characterization of the Genome and Its Transcriptional Products in the Chloroplasts of C4 Plants
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批准号:7502348
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项目类别:Standard Grant
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资助金额:$7.08万
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负责人:Virginia Walbot
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依托单位:
海外基金