Pilot HGDP: Assessment of High-Throughput Assays for the PCR based Genotyping of Classical Polymorphic Systems

来自许多群体的许多个体已被分型为传统的“经典”血型和酶多态性（例如ABO、Rh和MNS）。事实上，这些标记构成了当今可用的大部分群体遗传数据。 然而，由于一些原因，这些标记的使用正在减少，它们的继续使用将取决于能否从DNA样本中对它们进行分型。该项目的主要目标是为12个最重要的经典遗传标记开发基于DNA的高通量检测。这些新的检测方法将用于对先前使用经典方法分型的许多不同人种学定义的人群进行分型。通过这种方式，可以在来自世界各地的人群中测试基于DNA的测定和经典测定的一致性。 该项目的成功完成将导致一些非常重要的遗传标记系统的现代化，确保其持续使用，并使更多的研究人员能够使用它们。在这些标志物的转换过程中，还将比较两种高通量基因分型方法。产生大量基因型的能力对于分子群体遗传学研究是必不可少的。从这个项目的实际经验教训将是感兴趣的研究人员计划大规模的遗传筛查，人口，或以家庭为基础的研究。

Many individuals from many populations have been typed for the traditional `classical` blood group and enzyme polymorphisms (e.g. ABO, Rh, and MNS). In fact, these markers make up the majority of the population genetic data available today. However, for a number of reasons, the use of these markers is declining and their continued use will depend on being able to type them from DNA samples. The primary goal of this project is to develop high-throughput DNA-based assays for 12 of the most important classical genetic markers. These new assays will then be used to type a number of different ethnographically defined populations previously typed using the classical methods. In this way, the concordance of the DNA-based and the classical assays can be tested in populations from around the world. The successful completion of this project will result in the modernization of some very important genetic marker systems, insuring their continued use and making them accessible to more researchers. In the process of the conversion of these markers two high-throughput genotyping methods will also be compared. The ability to generate large numbers of genotypes is essential to molecular population genetic studies. Practical lessons from this project will be of interest to researchers planing large-scale genetic screening, population, or family-based studies.