The Relationship Between Physicochemical Surface Parameters,Chemical Structure, and Environmental Effect of Surfactants

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9612663 Rosen This proposal is for the further investigation of a relationship between the toxicity of various anionic surfactants and certain of their physicochemical interfacial properties discovered by the principal investigator and his co-workers in a cooperative research project with the Environmental Science Department of the Procter and Gamble Company. The proposed project is for an extension of that investigation to other types of surfactants (cationic, nonionic, and zwitterionic) and to mixture of surfactants, with the aim of determining whether that relationship holds also for these systems. The physicochemical properties will be calculated from surface tension measurements conducted in the principal investigator's laboratory; the toxicity measurements will be conducted by the Procter and Gamble Company. The surface tension measurements will be made on solutions of the surfactants in water of the same pH and electrolyte composition as that used for the toxicity measurements. In addition, other physicochemical interfacial properties will be investigated for possible correction with toxicity. Since all of these physicochemical properties have known relationships to the chemical structure of the surfactant, the results of this project should provide guidelines for the selection or design of surfactants with minimum environmental impact for commercial use. ***