Hydrologic Change and Accelerated Erosion in Mountainous Tropical Watersheds: The Impact of Rural Roads

小行星9614259 在温带流域，未铺砌的道路在改变近地表水文响应和随后加速土壤侵蚀方面发挥着重要作用。 在热带地区，与道路有关的影响也特别令人关切，因为那里的侵蚀和沉积问题往往归咎于农业做法。 本研究的重点是如何扩大道路网络的变化，水文和侵蚀过程的山区热带流域在北方泰国。 主要目标是：（1）确定道路对热带流域水文过程的干扰程度-以后可将这一信息与已知的温带流域道路干扰情况进行比较;（2）确定道路在引发水文变化和加速侵蚀方面对农业地区的重要性;并在这样做，获得一个详细的了解侵蚀过程中运作的道路表面和附近;（3）评估养护价值的几个道路管理相关的假设情景。 建议的研究战略可以由四个组成部分来体现：（1）全面的实地研究，以建立水文、侵蚀和土壤-植被-大气传输（SVAT）信息数据库;（2）深入分析由于土地覆盖变化，特别是由于道路扩张引起的水文和侵蚀过程的变化;（3）确定与道路有关的重要径流过程，以便选择适当的模型来模拟道路网扩展所引起的水文变化和侵蚀;以及（4）使用模型模拟若干管理方案的影响。 这项研究将提高我们的水文和地貌过程的知识，在热带流域正在发生巨大的土地利用变化，帮助确定道路的重要性，与农业实践相比，在促进累积流域的影响，在未来的热带山区流域管理援助，并提供洞察力，以改善农村道路的设计，路由，维护和使用。

9614259 Giambelluca Unpaved roads play a significant role in altering near-surface hydrologic response and subsequently accelerating soil erosion in temperate drainage basins. Road-related impacts are also of particular concern in tropical areas where agriculture practices are most often blamed for erosion and sedimentation problems. The focus of this study is to show how an expanding road network changes the hydrological and erosion processes of a mountainous tropical watershed in northern Thailand. The major objective are to (1) determine the degree to which hydrologic processes in tropical watersheds are disrupted by roads--this information can later be compared with what is known about road disruption in temperate watershed; (2) establish the importance of roads in relation to agricultural areas in initiating hydrologic change and contributing to accelerated erosion; and in so doing, obtain a detailed understanding of erosion processes operating on and adjacent to road surfaces; and (3) evaluate the conservation value of several road management-related what if scenarios. The proposed research strategy can be represented by four components: (1) a comprehensive field study to build a database of hydrological, erosional, and soil-vegetation-atmosphere-transfer (SVAT) information; (2) in-depth analysis of changes in hydrologic and erosion processes due to land-cover change, especially changes due to road expansion; (3) determination of the important road-related runoff processes in order to select the appropriate model or models to simulate hydrologic change and erosion resulting from the expansion of road networks; and (4) use of model(s) to simulate the effects of several management scenarios. This research will improve our knowledge of hydrologic and geomorphic processes operating in tropical watersheds undergoing dramatic landuse changes; help determine the importance of roads, as compared with agricultural practices, in contributing to cumulative watershed impacts; aid in the fut ure management of tropical mountainous watersheds; and provide insight into improving the design, routing, maintenance, and usage of rural roads.