Long-Term Variations of the North Atlantic Oscillation

题目：北大西洋涛动的长期变化该奖项支持一个研究项目，该项目旨在利用摩洛哥的树木年轮数据、西欧和北美东部的适当树木年轮数据、海冰范围记录和来自GISP2格陵兰冰芯的指数，提供北大西洋涛动（NAO） 1000年变化的重建记录。以往的研究表明，北大西洋副热带高压与亚极低压之间的冷季大尺度大气质量交替与摩洛哥降水高度相关。由于摩洛哥在物理上位于NAO系统的南端，摩洛哥降水记录中记录了该系统的轻微扰动。树木年轮通过相关大气水汽输送方向的变化记录了NAO状态的变化。西欧和北美东部的三环资料以及格陵兰冰芯资料和区域海冰范围也显示出对NAO状态的高度响应，因此可以用来评估振荡的更北端。NAO指数的树轮构建将从长远的角度看待最近的NAO趋势。特别令人感兴趣的是将最近的NAO趋势与小冰期和其他极端气候时期的NAO变化进行比较。该项目的最终成果将是一个长期的天气气候学，显示NAO的各种状态以及与之相关的北大西洋天气条件和北大西洋海温异常场。

Abstract ATM-9615678 Stockton, Charles W. University of Arizona Title: Long-Term Variations of the North Atlantic Oscillation This award supports a research project designed to use tree-ring data from Morocco, appropriate tree-ring data from western Europe and eastern North America, sea ice extent records, and indices from the GISP2 Greenland ice cores to provide a 1000 year reconstructed record of variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Previous investigations have shown that the cool season large scale alternations of atmospheric mass between the North Atlantic regions of subtropical high pressure and subpolar low pressure are highly correlated with precipitation in Morocco. Because Morocco is physically located at the southern extremity of the NAO system, slight perturbations in the system are recorded in the Moroccan precipitation records. The tree rings record variations in the state of the NAO through the changing direction of associated atmospheric moisture transport. Three-ring data from western Europe and eastern North America, as well as Greenland ice core data and regional sea ice extent also show a high degree of response to the state of the NAO, and thus, can be used to assess the more northern extremity of the oscillation. The tree-ring construction of the NAO index will place recent NAO trends in a long-term perspective. Of particular interest is comparison of the recent NAO trend with NAO variations during the Little Ice Age and other periods of climate extreme. A final product of the project will be a long-term synoptic climatology showing various states of the NAO along with their associated North Atlantic synoptic weather conditions and North Atlantic SST anomaly fields.