Tornadogenesis and Associated Phenomena

龙卷发生及相关现象

• 批准号: 9617318
• 负责人: Jerry Straka
• 金额: $ 30.43万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-15 至 2001-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9617318&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Tornadogenesis; Associated; Phenomena

9617318 Rasmussen During the Springs of 1994 and 95, a field program entitled the Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment (VORTEX) was executed by a combination of NSF and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations sponsored scientists. The primary objective of VORTEX was to evaluate several hypotheses pertaining to low-level mesocyclone intensification, and tornado formation, maintenance, and demise. The observations collected include ground-based (mobile and stationary) and airborne Doppler radars, mobile surface and balloon borne meteorological instruments. Eight of the VORTEX cases are of primary interest in the investigations supported under this award. First, several cases of tornadogenesis will be examined. The Dimmitt and Friona, TX, tornadic cases of 2 June 1995 were particularly well sampled by the suite of VORTEX sensors. Observations made near the Hanston, KS tornado (16 May 1995), Kellerville and Allison, TX (8 June, 1995), and Temple, OK (17 April 1995) also will be analyzed. These cases span a large variety of tornadoes, from a brief, weak tornado in an unexpected location to one of the most severe tornadoes ever observed (in terms of the combination of damage path width and intensity). In order to begin to adequately evaluate hypotheses concerning tornadogenesis and low-level mesocyclone intensification, the Principal Investigators will compare the tornadic cases described above with several well-sample non- tornadic supercells. All of these storms will be studied using a combination of airborne Doppler radar, the newly developed "Doppler-on-Wheels" (DOW), mobile mesonetwork, upper air soundings, and stereo photogrammetric cloud mapping. The synthesis of all of these data sources is considered vital to any comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of the processes being investigated. The proposed work is of vital importance to progress in understanding supercell dynamics and issues of t ornado formation and demise. If proposed hypothesis regarding tornadogenesis are verified, then it is possible that a new radar tornado signature could be developed with the potential of significantly reducing false alarms and increasing the probability of detection of tornadoes. ***

小行星9617318 在1994年和1995年春季，由美国国家科学基金会和国家海洋和大气管理局赞助的科学家联合执行了一项题为“验证龙卷风实验中旋转起源”的实地方案。 涡的主要目的是评估有关低层中气旋增强，龙卷风的形成，维持和消亡的几个假设。 收集的观测数据包括地面（移动的和固定的）和机载多普勒雷达、移动的地面和气球携带的气象仪器。 其中8个VORTEX案件是该裁决所支持的调查中的主要利益。 首先，将研究几个龙卷风形成的案例。 1995年6月2日德克萨斯州迪米特和弗里奥纳的龙卷风情况特别好地被一套涡流传感器采样。 还将分析在堪萨斯州汉斯顿龙卷风（1995年5月16日）、得克萨斯州凯勒维尔和艾利森龙卷风（1995年6月8日）以及俄克拉荷马州坦普尔龙卷风（1995年4月17日）附近进行的观测。 这些案例涵盖了各种各样的龙卷风，从一个短暂的，在一个意想不到的位置弱龙卷风到有史以来最严重的龙卷风之一（在破坏路径宽度和强度的组合方面）。 为了开始充分评估有关龙卷风生成和低层中气旋增强的假设，首席研究员将把上述龙卷风案例与几个样本充足的非龙卷风超级单体进行比较。 所有这些风暴都将使用机载多普勒雷达、新开发的“车轮上多普勒”（DOW）、移动的mesnetwork、高空探测和立体摄影测量云图的组合进行研究。 所有这些数据源的综合被认为是至关重要的任何全面了解的动态过程中被调查。 拟议的工作是至关重要的进展，了解超级细胞动力学和问题的tornado形成和消亡。 如果所提出的关于龙卷风发生的假设得到验证，那么就有可能开发出一种新的雷达龙卷风特征，这种特征有可能大大减少误报，增加探测龙卷风的概率。 ***