Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Making of a Regime: United States Foreign Economic Policy, Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Development

博士论文研究：政权的形成：美国对外经济政策、知识产权和经济发展

• 批准号: 9617474
• 负责人: David Cingranelli
• 金额: $ 0.73万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Binghamton
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-02-01 至 1998-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9617474&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Making; Regime

For nearly fifteen years the United States led the way in advocating a global regime for the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR). With the signing of the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in December, 1995, that goal was achieved. The Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property, Including Trade in Counterfeit Goods commits all signatory nations to the strong Western-style IPR system that the United States has advocated. However the United States' interest in securing a strong IPR regime is a very recent phenomena. Initial research suggests that early in its infancy, the United States did not favor strong IPR, particularly in terms of protecting foreign intellectual property from duplication in the US. This Doctoral Dissertation Research grant allows an analysis of IPR as a global policy. The two specific questions addressed are: 1) how did the United States' position on IPR evolve from one of advocating weak IPR protection to one of favoring strong global protection of IPR? 2) What is the potential impact of imposing such a strong global IPR regime on developing countries, given the United States' early experience with the IPR issue? To this end, the research answers how the global IPR issue evolved, who were the primary actors in forming the policy, and what are the potential effects of the new policy. Both qualitative and quantitative empirical methods of analysis are employed to address these questions. Qualitative research is used to trace the US historical experience with IPR, demonstrating the pivotal role that domestic institutions such as the Congress and interest groups played in elevating IPR to a global issue. Quantitative research is utilized to test the effects of IPR on the development process which the US and other countries have argued will be enhanced by following a Western-style IPR system. This Doctoral Dissertation Research project promises to enhance substantially our understanding of this interesting and important problem.

近15年来，美国在倡导保护知识产权的全球制度方面一直处于领先地位。随着1995年12月关税和贸易总协定乌拉圭回合的签署，这一目标实现了。《包括假冒商品贸易在内的知识产权与贸易有关的协定》要求所有签署国遵守美国倡导的强大的西方式知识产权制度。然而，美国对确保一个强大的知识产权制度的兴趣是最近才出现的现象。初步研究表明，在早期，美国并不支持强大的知识产权，特别是在保护外国知识产权不被美国复制方面。这一博士论文研究资助允许将知识产权作为一项全球政策进行分析。具体涉及的两个问题是：1)美国在知识产权问题上的立场是如何从主张弱知识产权保护转变为支持全球强有力的知识产权保护的？2)鉴于美国在知识产权问题上的早期经验，强加如此强大的全球知识产权制度对发展中国家有何潜在影响？为此，这项研究回答了全球知识产权问题是如何演变的，谁是形成这项政策的主要参与者，以及新政策的潜在影响。本文采用定性和定量相结合的实证分析方法来解决这些问题。定性研究被用来追溯美国在知识产权方面的历史经验，展示了国会和利益集团等国内机构在将知识产权提升为全球问题方面发挥的关键作用。定量研究被用来检验知识产权对发展进程的影响，美国和其他国家认为，遵循西方式的知识产权制度将加强这一影响。这一博士论文研究项目有望大大提高我们对这一有趣而重要的问题的理解。