Dissertation Research: Behavioral Selection in Insects

论文研究：昆虫的行为选择

• 批准号: 9623182
• 负责人: Paul Sherman
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-05-01 至 1998-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9623182&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Behavioral; Selection; Insects

ABSTRACT Sherman & Andrade IBN 96-23182 An Investigation of Selection for Male Sacrifice Behavior Males of many arthropod species contribute nutrients to their mates during courtship or copulation ( nuptial feeding ). Such cases, particularly among the insects and spiders, are interesting because they represent deviations from the more typical mating pattern of male polygyny with little material investment. The functional significance and ecological conditions controlling increased male investment in insects has been a topic of interest for behavioral ecologists and evolutionary biologists. The proposed project will increase understanding of mating systems where males provide nuptial gifts by determining the conditions under which the most extreme type of male nuptial feeding -- male copulatory suicide--can be selected. This project is a comparative study of two congeneric spider species (Latrodectus hasselti and L. geometricus) in which males appear to sacrifice themselves to females during copulation. Field observations of daily movements, courtship behavior and mating success will be combined with staged laboratory interactions and estimations of reproductive output to characterize the mating system, selective pressures, and demographic characteristics of these two species. Information gathered from this species will be used to produce a model for the selection of male copulatory suicide that will place the behavior within the existing framework of sexual selection theory.

摘要Sherman&Andrade IBN 96-23182对雄性祭祀行为的选择进行了调查，许多节肢动物的雄性在求偶或交配(婚前进食)时为配偶提供营养。这种情况很有趣，特别是在昆虫和蜘蛛中，因为它们偏离了男性一夫多妻制的更典型的交配模式，几乎没有物质投入。控制雄性对昆虫投入增加的功能意义和生态条件一直是行为生态学家和进化生物学家感兴趣的话题。拟议的项目将通过确定在什么条件下可以选择最极端的男性婚前进食--男性交配自杀--来增加对男性提供结婚礼物的交配系统的了解。这个项目是对两种同类蜘蛛(拉氏蜘蛛和几何拉氏蜘蛛)的比较研究，在这两种蜘蛛中，雄性蜘蛛似乎在交配时牺牲自己给雌性。对日常活动、求偶行为和交配成功的现场观察将结合分阶段的实验室互动和生殖输出的估计来表征这两个物种的交配系统、选择压力和种群特征。从该物种收集的信息将被用来产生一个选择男性交配自杀的模型，该模型将把这种行为置于现有的性选择理论框架内。