Doctoral Dissertation Research: Behavioral and Computational Investigation of Transitivity in the Acquisition of Non-Basic Syntax

博士论文研究:非基本语法习得中及物性的行为和计算研究

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1827709
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 1.57万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2018-07-01 至 2020-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Within the first years of life and without explicit instruction, children acquire a linguistic system that allows them to combine sounds in order to express meanings. Studying this process illuminates how a cognitive system as complicated as language can develop in the human mind, and helps clarify the nature of learning in development. Learning in general requires building on prior knowledge: children can't learn arithmetic if they don't know how to count. This project asks how infants build on their prior linguistic knowledge at each stage of their development, using the limited amount of speech they are able to understand, in order to learn more about the structure of their language. By improving our understanding of how infants learn about their language at each stage in development, the project provides an important step toward understanding why and how the quantity and type of speech heard in infancy contribute to differences in children's later vocabulary and language performance, in school and later in life.This research focuses on the acquisition of "non-basic" clauses as a window into the incremental nature of language learning. Sentences like "What did Mary fix?" are potentially misleading for children in the earliest stages of syntax acquisition, who might not recognize that "what" stands for the object of "fix" and might think that this clause is intransitive. This work pursues the hypothesis that children may use knowledge about verb argument structure in order to identify non-basic clause types in their language. The research integrates approaches from different research communities, using behavioral experiments to investigate the developmental trajectory of non-basic clause acquisition, and computational modelling to evaluate whether the proposed mechanisms are feasible for learning from child-directed speech. Through this case study, this research aims to provide a fuller picture of what portion of the input is useful to an individual child at any single point in development, how children perceive that input given their current grammatical knowledge, and what internal mechanisms enable them to generalize beyond that input in inferring the grammar of their language. The project also includes outreach about issues in language development to local families and high school students from under-represented backgrounds.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
在生命的最初几年里,没有明确的指导,儿童获得了一个语言系统,使他们能够联合收割机的声音,以表达的意义。研究这一过程可以阐明像语言这样复杂的认知系统是如何在人类头脑中发展的,并有助于澄清发展中学习的本质。一般来说,学习需要建立在先验知识的基础上:如果孩子不知道如何数数,他们就不能学习算术。这个项目询问婴儿如何在他们发展的每个阶段建立他们以前的语言知识,使用他们能够理解的有限数量的语音,以了解更多关于他们语言的结构。通过提高我们对婴儿在每个发展阶段如何学习语言的理解,该项目为理解婴儿期听到的言语的数量和类型为什么以及如何有助于儿童后期词汇和语言表现的差异迈出了重要的一步,本研究的重点是“非基本”从句的习得,这是了解语言学习渐进性的一个窗口。像“玛丽修了什么?“可能会误导处于句法习得早期阶段的儿童,他们可能不认识“what”代表“fix”的宾语,并可能认为该从句是不及物的。本研究的假设是,儿童可能会使用动词论元结构的知识,以确定他们的语言中的非基本子句类型。本研究整合了不同研究领域的方法,使用行为实验来研究非基本从句习得的发展轨迹,并使用计算模型来评估所提出的机制是否适用于儿童指导言语的学习。通过这个案例研究,本研究的目的是提供一个更全面的图片输入的哪一部分是有用的一个单独的孩子在任何一个单一的发展点,儿童如何看待输入给他们目前的语法知识,以及什么内部机制,使他们能够概括超出输入推断他们的语言的语法。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
The Power of Ignoring: Filtering Input for Argument Structure Acquisition
忽略的力量:过滤参数结构获取的输入
  • DOI:
    10.1111/cogs.13080
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.5
  • 作者:
    Perkins, Laurel;Feldman, Naomi H.;Lidz, Jeffrey
  • 通讯作者:
    Lidz, Jeffrey
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Jeffrey Lidz其他文献

On how verification tasks are related to verification procedures: a reply to Kotek et al.
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s11050-016-9130-7
  • 发表时间:
    2016-11-18
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0.800
  • 作者:
    Tim Hunter;Jeffrey Lidz;Darko Odic;Alexis Wellwood
  • 通讯作者:
    Alexis Wellwood

Jeffrey Lidz的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Jeffrey Lidz', 18)}}的其他基金

Doctoral Dissertation Research: Finding Interrogativity
博士论文研究:寻找疑问
  • 批准号:
    2140764
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.57万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Subjacency, the Empty Category Principle (ECP), and the nature of constraints on phrase movement
博士论文研究:下属、空范畴原则(ECP)以及短语移动约束的本质
  • 批准号:
    2116270
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.57万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: The mental representation and acquisition of the universal quantifiers
博士论文研究:全称量词的心理表征与习得
  • 批准号:
    2017525
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.57万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Similarity based interference and the acquisition of adjunct control
博士论文研究:基于相似性的干扰与辅助控制的获取
  • 批准号:
    1551662
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.57万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Transitivity of Sentences and Scenes in Early Language Development
早期语言发展中句子和场景的及物性
  • 批准号:
    1551629
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.57万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
GALANA 6: Learning in Generative Grammar - Evaluation Measures 50 Years Later
GALANA 6:生成语法学习 - 50 年后的评估措施
  • 批准号:
    1451584
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.57万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Quantification the Syntactic Interfaces in Language Acquisition
量化语言习得中的句法接口
  • 批准号:
    0604526
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.57万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Quantification the Syntactic Interfaces in Language Acquisition
量化语言习得中的句法接口
  • 批准号:
    0418309
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.57万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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