Dissertation Research: The Ecological Genetics of Plant Tolerance in Relation to Mammalian Herbivory in Ipomopsis Aggregata (Polemoniaceae)

论文研究：与哺乳动物草食相关的植物耐受性的生态遗传学（Polemoniaceae）

• 批准号: 9623528
• 负责人: Joy Bergelson
• 金额: $ 0.56万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-06-01 至 1998-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9623528&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Ecological; Genetics; Plant

9623528 Bergelson The environmental impact of grazing can be dramatic, influencing both biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems. Many studies have documented loss of biodiversity, decreases in plant population size, invasion of exotic weeds, and degraded water quality due to livestock grazing on public lands. Most of these impacts are due to the direct effect of herbivory on native plants. The research funded by this award addresses the ecological and genetic factors regulating the impact of grazing on native plants. In particular, experiments will address the environmental and genetic controls on plant resistance to herbivory. Plant resistance will be analyzed in its two component aspects: defense, decreasing the frequency of attack and tolerance, allowing regrowth and compensation for lost tissue (tolerance). This research will utilize experimentally manipulations to investigate ecological factors which influence the impact of grazing on plants along with modern quantitative genetics approaches to mechanistically investigate how plants cope with and deter browsing. Findings should contribute to our knowledge of how grazing regimes might be altered to reduce their damaging effects. The results will have direct implications for our understanding of the effects of browsing on native plants and may provide insight into novel approaches for pest management in agricultural systems.

9623528伯格尔森放牧对环境的影响可能是巨大的，对生态系统的生物和非生物部分都有影响。许多研究记录了生物多样性的丧失、植物种群数量的减少、外来杂草的入侵以及由于牲畜在公共土地上放牧而导致的水质恶化。这些影响中的大部分是由于草食对本土植物的直接影响。这项由该奖项资助的研究涉及调节放牧对本土植物影响的生态和遗传因素。特别是，实验将解决环境和遗传控制对植物对草食性的抗性。植物的抗性将从两个方面进行分析：防御、减少攻击频率和耐受性、允许再生和补偿丢失的组织(耐受性)。这项研究将利用实验操作来调查影响放牧对植物影响的生态因素，以及现代数量遗传学方法来机械地研究植物如何应对和阻止觅食。这些发现应该有助于我们了解如何改变放牧制度以减少其破坏性影响。这一结果将对我们理解浏览对本地植物的影响有直接的影响，并可能为农业系统中害虫管理的新方法提供洞察。