Dynamics of Ice Surfaces

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9623590 Fain Ice is important in a number of environments on the earth, in the atmosphere, on other planets, and in space. The objective of this project is to understand the interaction between ice surfaces and other solids in a controlled environment at temperatures near the triple point. Dynamical measurements of the normal and lateral forces exerted on scanning mechanical probes by the surface of ice will be made as a function of temperature, atmosphere above the ice surface, and electric potential between the probe and the ice. The fundamental information obtained by such microscopic scale measurements will aid in understanding macroscopic mechanical interactions between ice surfaces and other solids. %%% Ice is important in a number of environments on the earth, in the atmosphere, on other planets, and in space. The objective of this project is to learn what happens when an ice surface comes into contact with a microscopic solid probe in a controlled environment at temperatures near the triple point. The probe could be a very sharp point or a very small diameter sphere; forces exerted on the probe as it comes into contact with the surface will be measured by deflecting a laser beam from a microscopic lever. The fundamental information obtained by such measurements will aid in understanding large scale forces between ice surfaces and other solids such as occur in the adhesion of ice to obiects in a cold environment. ***