Disordered and Lower Dimensional Porous Materials

该奖项由化学部门特别项目办公室颁发，以继续支持博士的合作研究。Pinnavaia, Kanatzidas, Billinge， Mahanti和Thorpe在密歇根州立大学。NEC研究所的Stuart Solin博士也参加了会议。该研究广泛涉及基于氧化物和硫族化合物的有序和低维纳米多孔材料的化学，物理和计算方面。具体研究内容包括：在中性胺或聚乙烯氧化物表面活性剂模板上自组装合成新型金属氧化物（二氧化硅、氧化锆和二氧化钛）分子筛；基于层状金属硫化物和硒化物柱化的表面活性剂模板法制备新型多孔硫系物开放骨架介结构中无序和扩散的实验x射线衍射和计算研究；用c轴x射线衍射和非弹性中子散射研究纳米多孔硅酸盐网络的刚度；磁性过渡金属层状双氢氧化物的合成与表征。金属氧化物的合成研究将导致具有控制相和形态的分子筛，从六边形或立方到蠕虫状通道基元。硫族化合物的研究方向是合成具有金属簇柱的层状金属硫族化合物相，将提供具有沸石形状选择性的新型半导体催化剂。孔径在1.0- 10nm范围内的纳米多孔材料为合理设计吸附剂和催化剂提供了令人兴奋的机会，可用于环境修复、分子分离和基于大分子转化的各种工业过程。半导体纳米孔结构在传感器、有机-无机杂化材料和固态器件的制造方面具有很大的前景。这些纳米多孔材料的性能和性能主要受其长程和短程无序性以及孔空间尺寸的影响。这种结合实验和计算的研究将有助于阐明这些复杂材料的基本化学和物理。

This award is made in the Office of Special Projects of the Chemistry Division for continuing support of the collaborative research of Drs. Pinnavaia, Kanatzidas, Billinge, Mahanti and Thorpe at Michigan State University. Also participating is Dr. Stuart Solin of the NEC Research Institute. The research deals broadly with chemical, physical and computational aspects of ordered and lower dimensional nanoporous materials based on oxides and chalcogenides. Specific research elements that will be investigated are the synthesis of new metal oxide (silica, zirconia and titania) molecular sieves by self-assembly on neutral amine or polyethylene oxide surfactant templates; synthesis by surfactant templating, of new porous chalcogenide phases based on the pillaring of lamelear metal sulfides and selenides; experimental X-ray diffraction and computational studies of disorder and diffusion in open framework mesostructures; studies of network stiffness by c-axis X-ray diffraction and diffusion by inelastic neutron scattering of nanoporous silicate networks; and, the synthesis and characterization of magnetic transition metal layered double hydroxides. The synthetic studies of the metal oxides will lead to molecular sieves with controlled phases and morphologies ranging from hexagonal or cubic to worm-like channel motifs. The chalcogenide studies directed towards the synthesis of layered metal chalcogenide phases with metal cluster pillars will provide new semiconducting catalysts with the shape selectivity of zeolites. Nanoporous materials with pore sizes in the 1.0-10 nm range offer exciting opportunities for the rational design of adsorbents and catalysts for applications in environmental remediation, molecular separations and a variety of industrial processes based on large molecule transformations. Semiconducting nanoporous structures hold great promise for the fabrication of sensors, organic -inorganic hybrid materials and solid state devices. The properties and performance of these nanoporous materials are dominated by long and short range disorder and the dimensionality of the pore space. This combined experimental and computational study will help elucidate the fundamental chemistry and physics of these complex materials.