SBIR Phase I: High Surface Area, High-Capacitance Electro-Chemical Double-Layer Capacitor (EDLC) Electrodes

*9661076 Fortini这个第一阶段小型企业创新研究项目将开发高电容电极，该电极将高表面积与双电层效应和电极上快速、可逆的法拉第工艺相结合。这将通过一种独特的工艺在气凝胶中渗透贵金属氧化物来实现。最终的结果将是一个具有气凝胶表面积的电极，但具有氧化钌(RuO2)的伪电容特性。目前的电化学双层电容器(EDLC)的主要缺点是成本和功率密度。EDLC电极材料允许最大的比电容是RuO2，它基于一种昂贵的铂族金属。因此，这种电容器的成本相当高。此外，由于电极表面积是电容的关键参数，而且目前的技术只允许氧化物电极材料分散到约120m2/g的表面积，因此大部分氧化物质量仍未被使用。高比表面积、大电容电极的优化设计在民用和军用领域都将有广泛的应用。民用应用包括电动汽车，高功率激光的脉冲电源，高功率信号产生的脉冲电源，以及卫星的电力调节。军事应用包括空间动力调节、激光武器、电子引信、安全和武装设备以及导弹制导系统。***

*** 9661076 Fortini This Phase I Small Business Innovation Research project will develop high-capacitance electrodes that combine high surface area with the electric double-layer effect and fast, reversible faradaic processes at the electrode. This will be accomplished by infiltrating aerogels with precious metal oxides via a unique process. The net result will be an electrode with the surface area of an aerogel, but with the pseudocapacitance properties of ruthenium oxide (RuO2). The primary drawbacks of current electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) are cost and power density. The EDLC electrode material that allows for the greatest specific capacitance is RuO2 which is based on an expensive platinum group metal. Thus, the cost of such capacitors is quite high. Furthermore, because electrode surface area is the key parameter for capacitance, and because current technology only allows dispersal of the oxide electrode material to surface areas of ~120 m2/g, the bulk of the oxide mass remains unused. The optimization of high surface area, high-capacitance electrodes will have many applications in both the civilian and military sectors. Civilian applications include electric automobiles, pulse power supplies for high-power lasers, burst power for high-power signal generation, and power conditioning for satellites. Military applications include space power conditioning, laser weaponry, electronic fuses, safety and arming devices, and missile guidance systems. ***