SBIR Phase II: High Surface Area, High-Capacitance Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitor (EDLC) Electrodes

这个小型企业创新研究(SBIR)第二阶段项目将开发高容量电极，该电极将高表面积与双电层效应和电极上快速、可逆的法拉第过程相结合。这将通过用Ru02渗透高表面积碳来实现，这是通过Ultramet开发的独特工艺实现的，并在第一阶段项目中成功演示。最终的结果将是一种结合了碳衬底的高表面积和Ru02的伪电容特性的电极。目前的电化学双电层电容器(EDLC)器件的主要缺点是成本和功率密度。具有最大比电容的EDLC电极材料是氧化Ru(Ru02)，它是从昂贵的铂族金属Ru中提取的。因此，这种电容器的成本相当高。此外，由于电极比表面积是电容的关键参数，而目前的技术只允许氧化物电极材料分散到-120m2/g的表面积，因此大部分氧化物质量仍未被利用。优化高比表面积、大电容电极在民用和军事领域都将有许多应用。民用应用包括电动汽车、便携式通信设备、高功率激光的脉冲电源、高功率信号产生的脉冲电源以及卫星的电源调节。军事应用包括空间动力调节、激光武器、电子引信、安全和武装装置以及导弹制导系统。

This Small Business Innnovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project will develop high-capacitance electrodes that combine high surface area with the electric double-layer effect and fast, reversible faradaic processes at the electrode. This will be accomplished by infiltrating high surface area carbons with Ru02, via a unique process developed at Ultramet and successfully demonstrated in the Phase I project. The net result will be an electrode combining the high surface area of the carbon substrate with the pseudocapacitance properties of Ru02. The primary drawbacks of current electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLCs) devices are cost and power density. The EDLC electrode material that allows for the greatest specific capacitance is ruthenium oxide (Ru02), which is derived from ruthenium, an expensive platinum group metal. The cost of such capacitors is therefore quite high. Furthermore, because electrode surface area is a key parameter for capacitance, and because current technology only allows dispersal of the oxide electrode material to surface areas of -120 m2/g, the bulk of the oxide mass remains unused.The optimization of high surface area, high-capacitance electrodes will have many applications in both the civilian and military sectors. Civilian applications include electric automobiles portable communications equipment, pulse power supplies for high-power lasers, burst power for high-power signal generation, and power conditioning for satellites. Military applications include space power conditioning, laser weaponry, electronic fuzes, safety and arming devices, and missile guidance systems.