Dissertation Research: The Role of Adaptation in Structuring Communities: A Study of Larval Anuran Communities

论文研究：适应在构建群落中的作用：幼虫阿努拉群落的研究

基本信息

批准号：
9700877
负责人：
Mark McPeek
金额：
$ 1万
依托单位：
Dartmouth College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1997-06-01 至 1999-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9700877&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dissertation Research Role Adaptation Structuring

项目摘要

McPeek 9700877 This project is designed to understand the evolutionary history of how different groups of frogs have adapted to their environment. Different species of frogs are presently found in different types of ponds: permanent ponds with fish, permanent ponds without fish, vernal ponds that dry yearly. Closely related species in three frog families (toads (Bufonidae), true frogs (Ranidae), tree frogs (Hylidae)) segregate among these pond types. For example, the green frog and the bullfrog evolved from a common ancestor, yet green frogs are found only in ponds without fish, and bullfrogs are found primarily in ponds with fish. Previous research has revealed that different predators and competition for food cause this segregation of species. By quantifying traits related to how well tadpoles evade predators and compete with other species, this project will determine which traits are essential for successfully inhabiting each pond type. Study of the relationships between these traits, pond type and the evolutionary history of species, will also reveal the role of adaptation (acquiring traits that increase survivorship in a new habitat) in forming the present-day frog fauna. This project is important to furthering our understanding of factors that influence the ability of species to utilize a new habitat.

McPeek 9700877该项目旨在了解不同青蛙如何适应其环境的进化历史。目前在不同类型的池塘中发现了不同种类的青蛙：带鱼的永久池塘，无鱼的永久池塘，每年干燥的春季池塘。在这些池塘类型的三个青蛙家族（蟾蜍（Bufonidae），真蛙（ranidae），树蛙（Hylidae））中的三个青蛙家族（Bufonidae），真正的青蛙（ranidae）中密切相关的物种。例如，绿色青蛙和牛蛙是从一个共同的祖先进化而来的，但是只有在没有鱼的池塘中才发现绿色青蛙，牛蛙主要在有鱼的池塘中发现。先前的研究表明，不同的捕食者和粮食竞争会导致这种物种的隔离。通过量化与t的th虫逃避掠食者的状态并与其他物种竞争有关的特征，该项目将确定哪些特征对于成功居住在每种池塘类型的情况下都是必不可少的。研究这些特征，池塘类型和物种进化史之间的关系，还将揭示适应性的作用（获取增加了新栖息地的生存特征）在形成当今的青蛙动物群中的作用。该项目对于进一步了解影响物种利用新栖息地的能力的因素很重要。