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The Evolution of Trade-offs Between Growth and Predator Avoidance

增长与躲避捕食者之间权衡的演变

基本信息

批准号：
9707787
负责人：
Mark McPeek
金额：
$ 25.99万
依托单位：
Dartmouth College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1997-08-15 至 2001-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9707787&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Evolution Trade offs Between Growth

项目摘要

McPeek 9707787 Almost all organisms must find enough food for themselves while trying not to become food for another organism. These are also often conflicting objectives; the properties that make an organism better at finding food often makes it worse at avoiding predators. Although this tradeoff in abilities is commonly observed in many taxa, the underlying phenotypic architecture that generates this fundamental trade-off is poorly understood. In this proposal the PI will describe research to explore the properties of organisms generating such a trade-off between growth and predator avoidance in larval damselflies (Insecta), and to reconstruct how these properties have evolved as this taxon has shifted between habitats with different predators and different resource availabilities. The PI will conduct studies of four different organismal properties to explore the underlying causes of this trade-off, including differences in (1) movement and activity, (2) burst swimming ability and anaerobic physiological capacities, (3) digestive efficiency, and (4) aerobic metabolic capacity. Analyses will test hypotheses about the functional couplings among characters and the evolution of these functional couplings. Examining how these functional couplings have evolved provides valuable insights into the constraints affecting taxa as they adapt to natural and anthropogenically-induced environmental change (e.g., natural habitat shifts, climate change, habitat degradation).

几乎所有的生物都必须为自己找到足够的食物，同时努力不成为其他生物的食物。这些通常也是相互冲突的目标；使生物体更善于寻找食物的特性往往使其更不善于躲避捕食者。尽管这种能力的权衡在许多分类群中都很常见，但产生这种基本权衡的潜在表型结构却鲜为人知。在这一提案中，PI将描述研究，以探索在幼虫豆娘（昆虫）中产生这种生长和捕食者躲避之间的权衡的生物体的特性，并重建这些特性是如何随着该分类单元在不同捕食者和不同资源可用性的栖息地之间转移而进化的。PI将对四种不同的有机特性进行研究，以探索这种权衡的潜在原因，包括(1)运动和活动的差异，(2)突发游泳能力和无氧生理能力，(3)消化效率，(4)有氧代谢能力。分析将检验有关字符之间功能耦合的假设以及这些功能耦合的演变。研究这些功能耦合是如何进化的，为了解类群适应自然和人为引起的环境变化（如自然栖息地转移、气候变化、栖息地退化）时的制约因素提供了有价值的见解。