Observations of Ice-Ocean Momentum and Heat Fluxes at the SHEBA Ice-Camp

SHEBA 冰营的冰海动量和热通量观测

• 批准号: 9701797
• 负责人: Robert Pinkel
• 金额: $ 48.45万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-01 至 2000-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9701797&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Observations; Ice; Ocean; Momentum; Heat

9701797 Pinkel This research project is a key component of a large, coordinated, multi-investigator program called SHEBA (Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic) Ocean. The SHEBA program will simultaneously measure, over an annual cycle, the various fluxes and properties of the atmosphere, ice pack, and upper ocean that determine the aggregate mass and energy budgets of Arctic sea ice. Its goal is improved understanding of how and to what extent, the ice covered Arctic Ocean affects climate variability in lower latitudes and in global climate models (GCMs). Towards that goal, two potentially important radiation/climate feedback processes have been singled out for study: Ice-Albedo Feedback and Cloud-Radiation Feedback. This proposal addresses an oceanographic component of SHEBA dealing with ice-albedo feedback mechanisms. Two specially constructed acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP)s will be deployed to investigate the roles of wind and ocean currents in moving ice from place to place. A Deep Profiling System consists of a 140 kHz, four beam coded pulse sonar. This will profile to 400 m with 3 m spatial resolution. It will provide an accurate picture of the Ekman layer, the deep mixed layer, meso and large scale flows. A second, five beam 560 kHz Flux Sonar deployed from the ice, will provide direct estimates of the turbulent momentum flux in the under-ice boundary layer. When coupled with co-located measurements of temperature and salinity, turbulent heat fluxes can be estimated as well. The intention is to run these two instruments for the full 12-13 month duration of the SHEBA camp. The combined set of measurements in SHEBA will allow refinement of climate models for the Arctic region. Those improved models will lead to better predictions of the climate and the permanence of the Arctic ice cap under a proposed global warming that could occur if atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are increased above present levels.

小行星9701797 该研究项目是一个名为SHEBA（北极表面热量预算）海洋的大型协调多研究员计划的关键组成部分。SHEBA计划将在一个年度周期内同时测量大气、冰层和上层海洋的各种通量和性质，这些通量和性质决定了北极海冰的总质量和能量收支。它的目标是更好地了解如何以及在多大程度上， 北冰洋影响低纬度和全球气候模式中的气候变率。 为了实现这一目标，2 潜在的重要辐射/气候反馈过程已被挑选出来进行研究：冰反照率反馈和云辐射反馈。这项建议涉及SHEBA的海洋学组成部分，涉及冰-水反馈机制。将部署两个专门建造的声学多普勒海流剖面仪（ADCP），以调查风和洋流在冰从一个地方移动到另一个地方中的作用。深度剖析系统包括 140千赫四波束编码脉冲声纳这将剖面到400米，空间分辨率为3米。它将提供一个准确的图片埃克曼层，深混合层，中， 大规模流动。第二个，五波束560千赫流量声纳部署从冰，将提供直接估计的湍流动量通量在冰下边界层。当与温度和盐度的同位测量相结合时，湍流热通量也可以估计。目的是在SHEBA营地的整个12-13个月期间运行这两种仪器。 SHEBA的综合测量将使北极地区的气候模型更加精确。这些改进的模型将有助于更好地预测气候以及在如果大气中二氧化碳含量超过目前水平而可能出现的拟议全球变暖情况下北极冰盖的永久性。