CAREER: Variation Risk Management Early in the Product Development Process

职业：产品开发过程早期的变异风险管理

• 批准号: 9702662
• 负责人: Anna Thornton
• 金额: $ 23.5万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-01 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9702662&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Variation; Risk; Management; Early

This grant provides funding for the development of tools and methods to manage variation risk during the early stages of product development. The methods will use a common model set to enable an integrated approach to variation management by linking identification of risk areas, the consequence and likelihood of failure as well as the development of strategies to mitigate risk. Variation risk identification will be achieved by identifying the system level Key Characteristics(KCs) of a product -- the product features, manufacturing process parameters, and assembly features that significantly affect a product -- and flowing them down to the contributing features. The likelihood of risk will be measured by propagating the expected variation through the model. These measures will be used to weight the relative importance of a set of system level KCs and begin to determine the best approach for mitigating risk. Tools to measure the likelihood and consequence of variation risk under uncertainty will also be developed. Three risk mitigation strategies will be developed by this research: change the product architecture to create a more robust design, improve the manufacturing process to reduce the input variation, and/or implement measurement plans to track variation in production. The tools will be used to optimize the selection of the lowest cost mitigation strategy. The early identification and mitigation of variation risk will enable product developers to increase product complexity, reduce design cycle times, and improve the cost and quality of the products. Specifically, these methods will reduce several consequences of variation--design changes, institutionalized rework, and low quality. The use of the integrated models will enable an organization to effectively manage risk throughout the development and production of the product. The use of quantitative methods will improve the efficiency and accuracy of the risk management process.

该赠款为开发工具和方法提供资金，以在产品开发的早期阶段管理变异风险。这些方法将使用一套通用模型，通过将风险领域的识别、失败的后果和可能性以及减轻风险的战略的制定联系起来，实现对变异管理的综合方法。通过识别产品的系统级关键特征（KC）（产品特征、制造过程参数和显著影响产品的装配特征）并将其向下延伸至贡献特征，可实现变更风险识别。风险的可能性将通过在模型中传播预期变化来衡量。这些措施将用于衡量一组系统级KC的相对重要性，并开始确定降低风险的最佳方法。还将开发工具来衡量不确定性下的变化风险的可能性和后果。本研究将开发三种风险缓解策略：改变产品架构以创建更稳健的设计，改进制造过程以减少输入变化，和/或实施测量计划以跟踪生产中的变化。 这些工具将用于优化选择成本最低的缓解战略。 早期识别和缓解变化风险将使产品开发人员能够增加产品复杂性，缩短设计周期，并提高产品的成本和质量。具体地说，这些方法将减少变化的几个后果--设计变更、制度化的返工和低质量。集成模型的使用将使组织能够在整个产品开发和生产过程中有效地管理风险。 使用定量方法将提高风险管理过程的效率和准确性。