Meiosis-specific gene functions and cell cycle control in Drosophila spermatocytes

果蝇精母细胞减数分裂特异性基因功能和细胞周期控制

• 批准号: 114933029
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christian F. Lehner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institute of Molecular Life Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/114933029?language=en
• 关键词: Meiosis; specific; gene; functions; cell

Fungi, plants and animals exploit in essence an identical procedure for genome haploidization during meiosis. Homologous chromosomes are paired after duplicaton during the premeiotic S phase. In general the pairs are kept together by chiasmata which result from meiotic recombination. These chromosome pairs are separated during the first meiotic division and distributed onto the two opposite spindle poles. During the subsequent second meiotic division, each of the two resulting chromosome groups is integrated into another spindle apparatus which segregates the two chromatids of every chromosome onto opposite spindle poles, resulting in four haploid nuclei. However, at the molecular level even fundamental aspects of meiosis appear to have been poorly conserved and are therefore inadequately understood. Meiosis in male Drosophila melanogaster flies surprisingly does not include meiotic recombination and the meiotic divisions can be followed readily by in vivo imaging. In combination with the powerful genetic methodology available in Drosophila we will exploit these special properties of male meiosis in our project. We will analyse the mechanism of transcriptional control and the function of genes which are expressed in both sexes exclusively during meiosis. Special attention will be given to the molecular regulation triggering the onset of the meiotic divisions.

真菌、植物和动物在减数分裂期间利用本质上相同的基因组单倍体化过程。同源染色体在减数分裂前S期复制后配对。一般来说，染色体对通过减数分裂重组产生的交叉而保持在一起。这些染色体对在第一次减数分裂期间分离，并分布在两个相对的纺锤体极上。在随后的第二次减数分裂中，两个染色体组中的每一个都整合到另一个纺锤体装置中，该纺锤体装置将每条染色体的两个染色单体分离到相对的纺锤体极上，从而产生四个单倍体核。然而，在分子水平上，即使是减数分裂的基本方面似乎也没有得到很好的保守，因此没有得到充分的理解。令人惊讶的是，雄性黑腹果蝇的减数分裂不包括减数分裂重组，并且减数分裂可以通过体内成像容易地进行。结合果蝇强大的遗传学方法，我们将在我们的项目中利用雄性减数分裂的这些特殊性质。我们将分析转录控制的机制和功能的基因，这是表达在两个性别只在减数分裂。将特别注意触发减数分裂开始的分子调控。