Development of Soil Filter Design Nomograms Incorporating Physicochemical and Biological Mechanisms

结合物理化学和生物机制的土壤过滤设计列线图的开发

• 批准号: 9713708
• 负责人: Lakshmi Reddi
• 金额: $ 30.67万
• 依托单位: Kansas State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-10-01 至 2002-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9713708&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Development; Soil; Filter; Design; Nomograms

Existing criteria for soil filter design are based largely on particle retention principles, often involving comparison of particle size distributions of filter and the base soils, and do not account for filter clogging associated with the transport of colloid-sized fine particles. This research addresses the need for a comprehensive understanding and methodology development for design of filters incorporating physicochemical and biological mechanisms. Recent advances in filtration and biofilm theories will be exploited in the proposed research to develop design nomograms from fundamental principles. Specifically, the goals of the projects are: 1) to systematically perform an experimental evaluation of the role of physicochemical and biological characteristics of pore fluid suspension on soil filter clogging, 2) to develop and validate a mathematical model that quantitatively predicts the extent of soil clogging in terms of physicochemical and biological characteristics of the filter media and the pore fluid suspension, and 3) to use the model in a design mode and generate easily usable nomograms for designing soil filters. The experimental investigation will include two stages. In the first stage, biological activity will be suppressed and the effect of physicochemical characteristics such as the filter medium properties (particle and pore size distributions, void ratios) and the pore fluid composition (measured in terms of ionic strength/pH) will be assessed systematically. In the second stage, bacterial strains will be introduced and the effects of substrate concentrations and dissolved oxygen on biomass growth will be assessed. The filter medium in the experiments will be thoroughly characterized at the end of testing to determine the extent of particulate and biological clogging. The influent and effluent will be monitored continuously during the experiments. All information for model development and validation will be generated from the experiments. Finally, the study will take advantage of ongoing failure investigation on the Won-Ju landfill leachate collection system in Korea. The mutual collaboration with the Korean team will provide the field perspective necessary for validation of the research and the developed design tools.

土壤过滤器设计的现有标准主要基于颗粒截留原理，通常涉及过滤器和基础土壤的颗粒尺寸分布的比较，并且不考虑与胶体尺寸的细颗粒的运输相关的过滤器堵塞。 这项研究解决了需要一个全面的理解和方法的发展，结合物理化学和生物机制的过滤器的设计。 过滤和生物膜理论的最新进展将被利用在拟议的研究开发设计诺模图的基本原则。 具体而言，这些项目的目标是：1）系统地进行孔隙流体悬浮液的物理化学和生物学特性对土壤过滤器堵塞的作用的实验评估，2）开发并验证数学模型，该数学模型根据过滤介质和孔隙流体悬浮液的物理化学和生物学特性定量地预测土壤堵塞的程度，（3）在设计模式中使用该模型，生成易于使用的诺模图，用于土壤过滤器的设计。 实验研究将包括两个阶段。 在第一阶段，生物活性将被抑制，并将系统地评估物理化学特性的影响，如过滤介质特性（颗粒和孔径分布，空隙率）和孔隙流体组成（根据离子强度/pH值测量）。 在第二阶段，将引入细菌菌株，并评估底物浓度和溶解氧对生物量生长的影响。 试验结束时，将对试验中的过滤介质进行彻底表征，以确定颗粒和生物堵塞的程度。 在实验期间，将连续监测流入物和流出物。 模型开发和验证的所有信息都将从实验中产生。 最后，这项研究将利用正在进行的故障调查的元洲垃圾填埋场渗滤液收集系统在韩国。 与韩国团队的相互合作将为验证研究和开发的设计工具提供必要的现场视角。