Methyl Bromide Degradation in the Oceans

海洋中的甲基溴降解

• 批准号: 9714900
• 负责人: Pieter Visscher
• 金额: $ 10.81万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-01 至 2001-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9714900&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Methyl; Bromide; Degradation; Oceans

ABSTRACT The importance of methyl bromide as a source for stratospheric bromine has led to its planned phase-out as an agricultural fumigant as part of the Montreal Protocol and Clean Air Act. However, there is significant uncertainty regarding the global budget of tropospheric methyl bromide and the role of the ocean as a source or sink. The oceanic lifetime of methyl bromide is an important parameter in global models seeking to predict the atmospheric response to proposed changes in emissions of methyl bromide. In this project, investigators at the University of Miami and the University of Connecticut will conduct laboratory experiments as well as studies at sea to determine whether biological removal of methyl bromide from surface seawater proceeds ar rates sufficient to affect the oceanic lifetime of this compound. The current state of knowledge allows prediction of its turnover rate through purely chemical (non-biological) pathways; little is known of microbiological impacts. If biological removal is significant, it will alter our current concept and quantitative modeling of the global cycling of methyl bromide.

摘要甲基溴化物作为平流层溴的来源的重要性已导致其作为农业熏蒸剂作为《蒙特利尔方案和清洁空气法》的一部分的计划逐步淘汰。 但是，对流层甲基溴化物的全球预算以及海洋作为来源或下水道的作用存在很大的不确定性。 在全球模型中，甲基溴化甲基的海洋寿命是旨在预测甲基溴排放变化的大气反应的重要参数。 在该项目中，迈阿密大学和康涅狄格大学的研究人员将进行实验室实验以及海上研究，以确定从地表海水中对溴化甲基的生物去除是否能够产生足以影响这种化合物的海洋生命周期。 当前的知识状态允许通过纯化学（非生物）途径预测其周转率。微生物学的影响鲜为人知。 如果生物学去除很大，它将改变我们当前的概念和对甲基溴化物全球循环的定量建模。