The OASIS Project: Oklahoma Atmospheric and Surface/Layer Instrumentation System

OASIS 项目：俄克拉荷马州大气和地表/层仪器系统

• 批准号: 9724594
• 负责人: Kenneth Crawford
• 金额: $ 155.15万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-10-01 至 2002-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9724594&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OASIS; Project; Oklahoma; Atmospheric; Surface

Under the Major Research Instrumentation Program (MRI), the Principal Investigators upgrade and improve an existing weather observational network known as the Oklahoma Mesonetwork. The Mesonet is an internationally recognized network of remote environmental-monitoring stations. It consists of 114 sites that have operated continuously since March of 1994. With sensors that extend from 10 m above ground to 75 cm below ground, the Mesonet has archived more than 99.95% of all observations possible since commissioning (over 45 million observations). The Oklahoma Legislature provides primary funding for the maintenance and operation of the network. The work accomplished under this MRI is termed the Oklahoma Atmospheric & Surface-layer Instrumentation System (OAISIS) Project. The OASIS Project advances the frontier of mesoscale and storm-scale meteorological research by: (1) development of a system of surface-flux stations using the 114 operating sites in the Oklahoma Mesonetwork; (2) development of a new generation of low powered, low cost and low maintenance field mills, deployed over the 42 sites of a Micronetwork of stations embedded within the boundaries of the Mesonetwork and located within the Little Washita watershed (southwest of Oklahoma City). The new, unique data sets resulting from these upgrades will address a number of key questions not previously answered with today's lack of observations. For example, quantitative assessment of the surface energy budget for the entire state will provide better initialization for the Advanced Regional Prediction System, developed by the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms at the University of Oklahoma, one of the NSF Science and Technology Centers. This will allow, among other advantages, tests of the relative importance of surface energy fluxes under various conditions. Electric-field data from the newly developed field mills will enable investigations of variations in electrical activity from storm-to-storm, and relati ons of electrical activity to other meteorological observables in storms, such as radar reflectivity. Data acquired from the basic and upgraded Meso- and Micronetworks will be archived and made available to the research community.

在重大研究仪器计划 (MRI) 下，主要研究人员升级并改进了名为俄克拉荷马州中观网络的现有天气观测网络。 Mesonet 是国际公认的远程环境监测站网络。 它由 114 个站点组成，自 1994 年 3 月以来一直持续运行。Mesonet 的传感器从地面以上 10 m 延伸到地下 75 cm，自调试以来已归档了超过 99.95% 的观测数据（超过 4500 万个观测数据）。 俄克拉荷马州立法机构为网络的维护和运营提供主要资金。 在此 MRI 下完成的工作被称为俄克拉荷马州大气和地表层仪器系统 (OAISIS) 项目。 OASIS 项目通过以下方式推进中尺度和风暴尺度气象研究的前沿：(1) 利用俄克拉荷马州中尺度网络中的 114 个操作站点开发地表通量站系统； (2) 开发新一代低功率、低成本和低维护现场磨机，部署在嵌入 Mesonetwork 边界内并位于 Little Washita 流域（俄克拉荷马城西南部）的微站微网络的 42 个站点上。 这些升级产生的新的、独特的数据集将解决一些以前由于缺乏观察而无法回答的关键问题。 例如，对整个州的地表能量预算进行定量评估将为高级区域预测系统提供更好的初始化，该系统由美国国家科学基金会科学技术中心之一的俄克拉荷马大学风暴分析和预测中心开发。 除其他优点外，这将允许测试各种条件下表面能通量的相对重要性。 来自新开发的现场磨机的电场数据将能够研究风暴之间电活动的变化，以及电活动与风暴中其他气象观测值（例如雷达反射率）的关系。 从基本和升级的中观和微网络获取的数据将被存档并提供给研究界。