U.S.-Chile Cooperative Research: Effects of UV-B Radiation on Photosynthesis in Bean and Maize

美国-智利合作研究：UV-B 辐射对豆类和玉米光合作用的影响

• 批准号: 9724829
• 负责人: Maurice S. Ku
• 金额: $ 2.54万
• 依托单位: Washington State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-03-15 至 2002-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9724829&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; Chile; Cooperative; Research; Effects

9724829 Ku This Americas Program award will fund a collaborative research project on plant responses to UV-B radiation, between Drs. Maurice Ku and Gerald B. Edwards, Washington State University , and Drs. Manuel Pinto and Claudio Pastenes, University of Chile. The major objectives of the proposed study are to identify specific alterations in photochemical, biochemical and physiological processes of photosynthesis induced by supplementary UV-B radiation in bean (C3 species) and maize (C4 species), and to evaluate the relationship between these alterations and the loss/change in photosynthetic rate. The purpose is to determine if modifications in photochemical efficiency and photosynthetic enzymes correlate with changes in photosynthetic capacity by UV-B treatment. The hypothesis is that the decrease in photosynthetic capacity in bean caused by UV-B radiation would be related to changes in key photosynthetic enzymes and/or changes in photochemical efficiency. For this study, representative bean cultivars with contrasting tolerance to UV-B will be used. Over the past three decades, there has been a significant increase in research involving the effects of UV-B radiation on plant systems. Based on those studies, it is estimated that about one half of all plants species, (especially herbaceous species) are negatively affected by that increased radiation. However, because some species are known to be well adapted to high UV-B radiation environments, a comparison of changes in enzyme activity versus protein content during UV-B treatment will allow the researchers to assess if the changes in protein amount or activation state is responsible for the loss/change of photosynthetic capacity. Interactions between plants and their environment are complex, but important to our understanding of plant productivity. Reduction of stratospheric ozone, which primarily absorbs UV-B radiation, has raised concerns about the potential implications of rising UV-B radia tion at the Earth's surface. ***

小行星9724829 这个美洲计划奖将资助一个关于植物对UV-B辐射的反应的合作研究项目，该项目由Maurice Ku博士和Gerald B.爱德华兹，华盛顿州立大学，和曼努埃尔平托和克劳迪奥Pastenes博士，智利大学。 拟议的研究的主要目标是确定在光化学，生物化学和生理过程中的补充UV-B辐射诱导的大豆（C3物种）和玉米（C4物种）的光合作用的具体变化，并评估这些变化和损失/光合速率的变化之间的关系。 目的是确定是否修改光化学效率和光合酶与UV-B处理的光合能力的变化。 这一假说认为，UV-B辐射引起的菜豆光合能力的下降与关键光合酶的变化和/或光化学效率的变化有关。 在这项研究中，将使用对UV-B具有不同耐受性的代表性菜豆品种。 在过去三十年中，关于紫外线B辐射对植物系统影响的研究显著增加。 根据这些研究，估计所有植物物种（特别是草本物种）中约有一半受到辐射增加的不利影响。然而，由于已知某些物种能够很好地适应高UV-B辐射环境，因此比较UV-B处理期间酶活性与蛋白质含量的变化将使研究人员能够评估蛋白质量或激活状态的变化是否是光合能力丧失/变化的原因。 植物与环境之间的相互作用是复杂的，但对我们理解植物生产力很重要。 平流层臭氧主要吸收紫外线-B辐射，其减少引起了人们对地球表面紫外线-B辐射增加的潜在影响的关注。 ***