Reconstructing Hybrid Speciation in Paeonia Section Paeonia by Phylogenetic Analyses of Adh Gene Sequences

9726838 唱 基于Adh基因序列的系统发育分析重建大叶蝉组的杂种物种形成 本研究将探索一种新的方法，单拷贝或低拷贝核基因的系统发育分析，以重建杂交事件的物种形成在牡丹组。 大量的植物物种被认为是杂交起源的，目前在检测和分析网状进化结果方面存在困难。 由于这些原因，Sang博士的研究应该对其他生物群的研究有广泛的应用。 牡丹属芍药科牡丹属植物，在希腊被誉为“药后”，在中国被誉为“花中之王”，是一种药用价值极高的植物，已有一千多年的历史。 该属的最大部分，组Escherichia，由大约27个草本植物物种广泛分布从东亚到地中海地区，一直是分类学上的问题，主要是由于复杂的杂交部分内。 Sang博士选择使用单拷贝或低拷贝数乙醇脱氢酶基因序列（Adh1A和Adh2）作为分子标记，这些基因序列在假定的非杂交种中鉴定。 对于推定的杂种物种，每个基因座的等位基因将通过基因座特异性PCR引物扩增、克隆和测序。 将序列与非杂交种的序列进行比对，以进行系统发育分析。 如果亲本的等位基因在杂交后代的每个位点上都被保持和克隆，系统发育分析应该能精确地重建亲本谱系的关系，并且可以追踪染色体数目（倍性水平）和分类学上重要的性状（如小叶解剖程度、退化雄蕊花盘长度、萼片数量和形状、花冠形状、每茎花数和根形状）的变化。 计划在法国、意大利、西班牙、土耳其和高加索山脉进行野外工作以收集新的植物材料。 准确的系统发育重建和更好地了解牡丹组的形态演化将有助于更好地进行牡丹分类。

9726838 Sang Reconstructing hybrid speciation in Paeonia section Paeonia by phylogenetic analyses of Adh gene sequences This research will explore a new approach, phylogenetic analysis of single or low copy nuclear genes, to reconstruct hybridization events in speciation in the section of peonies. Large numbers of plant species are suggested to be of hybrid origin, and currently there is difficulty in detecting and analyzing results of reticulate evolution. For these reasons Dr. Sang's study should have broad applications for the study of other organismal groups. Peonies (Paeonia, Paeoniaceae), known as "queen of herbs" in Greece and "king of flowers" in China for over a thousand years, are ornamentally and medicinally valuable plants. The largest section of the genus, section Paeonia, consisting of approximately 27 herbaceous species distributed widely from eastern Asia to the Mediterranean region, has been taxonomically problematic due primarily to complex hybridization within the section. Dr. Sang has chosen to use single or low copy number alcohol dehydrogenase gene sequences(Adh1A and Adh2) identified in putative non-hybrid species of section Paeonia as molecular markers. For the putative hybrid species, the alleles of each locus will be amplified by locus specific PCR primers, cloned, and sequenced. The sequences will be aligned with those of the non-hybrid species for phylogenetic analyses. If the parental alleles are maintained and cloned at each locus from a hybrid, phylogenetic analyses should provide a precise reconstruction of relationships of the parental lineages, and changes in chromosome numbers (ploidy levels) and taxonomically important characters such as degree of dissection of leaflets, length of staminodial disks, number and shapes of sepals, corolla shapes, number of flowers per stem, and root shapes can be traced. Field work to collect new plant material is planned in France, Italy, Spain, Turkey, and the Caucasus Mountains. An accurate phylogenetic re construction and a better understanding of morphological evolution of section Paeonia will permit a better classification of peonies.