Collaborative: Intercultural Variation in Illness Beliefs

协作：疾病信念的跨文化差异

• 批准号: 9727322
• 负责人: Susan Weller
• 金额: $ 9.19万
• 依托单位: University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-03-15 至 2002-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9727322&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Intercultural; Variation; Illness; Beliefs

This project (consisting of two collaborative awards, this and 9807373 to Roberta Baer at the University of South Florida) continues a line of research using the cultural consensus model, a statistical technique for assessing the degree of homogeneity in the underlying models of respondents from a local community or cultural population, in this case of specific illnesses (diabetes, AIDS, the common cold) used by Latin American respondents. The research will focus on the systematic examination of sources of intracultural variation, in particular on the effect of specialized knowledge or personal experience of a specific disease. This research builds on and expands earlier work done on 9204555 by collecting new samples for comparison to previously collected samples. With this new data it will be possible to explore variation in beliefs across diverse groups within and across sites. Three hypotheses will be tested: that differences in beliefs are due to differences in `experience` or exposure to the illness in the general community; that beliefs about illness will vary by whether the individual respondent has had the illness; and that the differences in belief structure between professionally trained and lay respondents will be greater than differences from nationality or culture. The project will collect new data about AIDS and the common cold from six sample populations in Guatemala, Mexico and south Texas, and from diabetics and physicians in Guadalajara, Mexico and south Texas. In addition some simulation work will be done to assess the effects of response bias and skewed answer keys on consensus estimates. The consensus model brings rigor to the description of community beliefs by assessing the concordance or homogeneity across informant' responses to a series of related questions and proving estimates of normative answers, similar to that which a psychometrician might apply to analyzing the reliability of test items.

这个项目（包括两个合作奖，这个和9807373南佛罗里达大学的罗伯塔贝尔）继续使用文化共识模型的研究路线，这是一种统计技术，用于评估来自当地社区或文化人口的受访者的基本模型的同质性程度，在这种情况下，特定的疾病（糖尿病，艾滋病，普通感冒）使用拉丁美洲受访者。 研究将侧重于系统地检查文化内差异的来源，特别是对特定疾病的专业知识或个人经历的影响。 这项研究建立在9204555的基础上，通过收集新的样本与以前收集的样本进行比较，扩展了早期的工作。 有了这些新数据，就有可能探索不同群体之间以及不同地点之间的信仰差异。 将检验三个假设：信念的差异是由于“经验”的差异或在一般社区中对疾病的接触;对疾病的信念将因个别受访者是否患有疾病而有所不同;受过专业训练的受访者和非专业受访者之间信念结构的差异将大于国籍或文化的差异。该项目将从危地马拉、墨西哥和德克萨斯州南部的六个样本人群以及瓜达拉哈拉、墨西哥和德克萨斯州南部的糖尿病患者和医生那里收集有关艾滋病和普通感冒的新数据。 此外，还将进行一些模拟工作，以评估响应偏差和偏斜答案对共识估计的影响。 共识模型通过评估被调查者对一系列相关问题的反应的一致性或同质性，并证明对规范答案的估计，类似于心理测量学家可能用于分析测试项目的可靠性，从而为社区信仰的描述带来了严格性。