POWRE: Ultrafast Dynamics Probed by X-Rays

9753219 Murnane这个POWRE项目旨在将对材料动态过程的超快研究扩展到光谱的x射线区域。到目前为止，监测表面在不同平衡态之间演化时发生的动力学的可能性一直非常有限，因为还没有足够通量和时间分辨率的超快X射线源可用。3.5 nm以下的X射线波长可以解决熔融、吸附和解吸等过程中的第一步问题。软X射线是以低发散X射线束的形式产生的，脉冲持续时间低于10飞秒，与激励激光完全同步，并且在整个软X射线区域都是可调的。它们也可以以足够的通量产生，用于时间分辨的x射线光电子发射实验。该项目由材料研究司和MPS OMA(多学科活动办公室)共同支持。%这是根据妇女在研究和教育中的职业机会(POWRE)计划提供的研究增强补助金。这项研究将在基础水平上贡献材料科学的基础知识。该计划的一个重要特点是研究和教育的融合。拟议的项目提供电子和半导体材料、激光和光学技术、快速电子学、极端紫外线和X射线科学以及真空技术等多个领域的教育和培训，为在半导体和光学行业、软X射线光刻和显微技术等领域的工作做好准备。***

9753219 Murnane This POWRE project aims to extend ultrafast studies of dynamic processes in materials to the x-ray region of the spectrum. Until now, the possibility of monitoring the dynamics which occur as a surface evolves between different equilibrium states has been very restricted, because ultrafast x-ray sources with sufficient flux and time resolution have not been available. X-ray wavelengths below 3.5 nm source to resolve the first steps in processes such as melting, adsorption and desorption. The soft-x-rays are generated as a low-divergence x-ray beam, with pulse durations under lO fs, perfectly synchronized to an exciting laser, and are tunable throughout the soft-x-ray region. They can also be generated with more than sufficient flux for time-resolved x-ray photoemission experiments. The project is co-supported by the Division of Materials Research, and the MPS OMA(Office of Multidisciplinary Activities). %%% This is a research enhancement grant made under the Professional Opportunities for Women in Research and Education (POWRE) program. The research will contribute basic materials science knowledge at a fundamental level. An important feature of the program is the integration of research and education. The proposed project provides education and training in a diversity of areas such as electronic and semiconductor materials, laser and optical technology, fast electronics, extreme ultraviolet and x-ray science, and vacuum technology, providing strong preparation for working in fields such as the semiconductor and optics industries, soft x-ray lithography, and microscopy. ***