SBIR Phase I: High-Temperature Fluidized Bed Reactor for Producing Silicon Carbide Coated Activated Carbon

*** 970204阿特华特这个小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目提出开发一种基于高温流化床反应器（HTFBR）的工艺，用于在活性炭上生产均匀且整体的高表面积碳化硅（SiC）涂层。这种新材料的主要应用将是作为催化剂载体，用于气相和水相非均相催化过程，用于有机环境污染物的深度氧化（矿化）。为了破坏空气或水中的污染物，目前的催化剂载体，如二氧化硅、氧化铝、二氧化钛、氧化锆和陶瓷单体，由于催化核沉积的表面积不足，产生的催化剂活性相对较低。高表面积活性炭负载的催化剂具有极高的活性水平，但由于降解导致的使用寿命短得令人无法接受。相比之下，碳化硅是一种具有优异的化学、热和机械稳定性特性的材料。预期在活性炭表面形成一层薄薄的碳化硅涂层，将产生一种结合高表面积、机械稳定性和抗化学侵蚀等理想特性的催化剂载体。主要的商业机会将是制造和销售适用于环境修复应用所需的氧化催化剂的支架。然而，碳负载催化剂在石油炼制和化学加工工业中得到了广泛的应用。由于其优异的硬度、强度、高表面积以及优异的化学、热和机械稳定性，预计新型催化剂载体的许多新应用将会出现。＊＊＊

*** 970204 Atwater This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project proposes development of a high-temperature fluidized bed reactor (HTFBR) based process for the production of a homogeneous and integral high surface area silicon carbide (SiC) coating on activated carbon. The primary application of this new material will be as a catalyst support for use in gas phase and aqueous phase heterogeneous catalytic processes for the deep oxidation (mineralization) of organic environmental contaminants. For destruction of airborne or waterborne contaminants, current catalyst supports such as silica, alumina, titania, zirconia and ceramic monoliths yield catalysts with relatively low activities due to inadequate surface areas for deposition of catalytic nuclei. High surface area activated carbon supported catalysts have been prepared with extremely high levels of activity but unacceptably short useful lives resulting from degradation. In contrast, silicon carbide is a material with excellent chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability characteristics. It is anticipated that a catalyst support combining the desirable features of high surface area, mechanical stability, and resistance to chemical attack will result from the formation of a thin SiC coating over an activated carbon surface. The primary commercial opportunity will be the manufacture and sale of supports suitable for oxidation catalysts needed for environmental remediation applications. However, carbon supported catalysts are used extensively in petroleum refining and chemical processing industries. It is anticipated that many new applications for the novel catalyst support will arise, because of its excellent qualities of hardness, strength, high surface area, and superior chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability. ***