STTR Phase I: Magnetically Controlled Microwave Powered Fluidized Bed Reactor

这个小型企业技术转移（STTR）第一阶段项目建议开发磁控和微波动力流化床反应器，包括三个主要创新：[1]基于高效能波导的流化介质微波传输和辐照，[2]利用局部磁场梯度和磁化率的温度依赖性对流化床温度进行独特的自我调节，将相对较冷的颗粒限制在加热区内，[3]是一种新型的微波兼容温度测量系统。微波加热的优点对温度的依赖性已经应用于大量的化学合成和相关的单元操作。然而，迄今为止，大多数工作都是使用相对低效的多模腔和较差的温度控制进行的。该创新将流化床反应器（FBRs）的优良传质效率与使用高性能波导微波辐射系统可实现的卓越传热效率相结合。预期的好处包括：1)由于提高热效率而节省能源，2)由于大幅度提高加热速率而大大加快反应器启动速度，3)改善温度均匀性，4)改善反应器操作温度的控制，5)开发新型磁控颗粒，以及6)更好地了解流化床反应器的传热特性。将最优传热传质特性与新型控温材料成功耦合，可以提高反应器效率，降低成本。最有可能的是，小规模的实验室装置将是第一个商业产品

This Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Phase I project proposes development of a magnetically controlled and microwave powered fluidized bed reactor, incorporating three primary innovations: [1] highly energy efficient waveguide-based microwave transmission and irradiation of fluidized media, [2] unique self-regulation of fluidized bed temperature using a localized magnetic field gradient and the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility to confine only relatively cold particles within the heating zone, and [3] a novel microwave-compatible temperature measurement system. The temperature dependence of the benefits of microwave heating have been applied to a vast array of chemical syntheses and related unit operations. However, most work to date has been conducted using relatively inefficient multi-mode cavities with poor temperature control. The innovation couples the excellent mass transfer efficiency of Fluidized Bed Reactors (FBRs) with the vastly superior heat transfer efficiencies achievable using high performance waveguide-based microwave irradiation systems. Anticipated benefits include: 1) energy savings resulting from improved thermal efficiency, 2) much faster reactor start-up due to substantially improved heating rates, 3) improved temperature uniformity, 4) improved control of reactor operating temperature, 5) development of novel magnetically controlled particles, and 6) greater understanding of the heat transfer characteristics in fluidized bed reactors. The successful coupling of optimal heat transfer and mass transfer characteristics with novel temperature control materials can be utilized to improve reactor efficiency and reduce costs. It is most probable that small-scale laboratory units will be the first commercial product