SBIR Phase I: Nanostructural Aerogel Materials for Electrical Energy Storage Devices

* 9760847黄 这个小企业创新研究第一阶段项目提出开发用于储能应用的过渡金属碳氮化物气凝胶材料合成的加工技术。气凝胶是一类低密度泡沫材料，其特征在于由直径通常小于10纳米的颗粒组成的开孔结构，其中孔径通常小于50纳米。 众所周知，通过溶胶-凝胶工艺制备的纳米结构气凝胶材料表现出非常高的孔隙率和表面积。 此外，孔结构和孔径可以用该方法定制。 超级电容器是基于双层电容的电容性能量存储装置。电化学电容器的潜在功率密度和循环寿命比可充电电池高两个数量级。已经确定了广泛的潜在应用。 极低密度和高表面积的金属碳氮化物气凝胶具有作为长循环寿命、高能量和高功率密度超级电容器的电极材料的潜力。 潜在的应用包括汽车子系统的电源、电动汽车的负载均衡以及医疗设备和便携式电子设备的电源。气凝胶的其他潜在应用包括超绝热、催化剂和催化剂载体、气体过滤器和气体储存材料以及隔音。 ***

*** 9760847 Huang This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project proposes to develop processing techniques for the synthesis of transition metal carbonitride aerogel materials for energy storage applications. Aerogels are a class of low density foam materials characterized by open cell structures composed of particles usually less than 10 nanometers in diameter with pore sizes usually less than 50 nanometers in diameter. It is well known that nanostructural aerogel materials prepared by the sol-gel process exhibit very high porosity and surface areas. Moreover, pore structures and pore sizes can be tailored with this process. Ultracapacitors are capacitive energy storage devices based on double-layer capacitance. The potential power density and cycle life of electrochemical capacitors are two orders of magnitude higher than those of rechargeable batteries. A wide range of potential applications have been identified. The extremely low density and high surface area metal carbonitride aerogels have potential as electrode materials for long-cycle life, high energy and high power densities ultracapacitors. Potential applications include power sources for automotive subsystems, load leveling for electric vehicles, and power supplies for medical devices and portable electronic equipment. Other potential applications of aerogels include thermal super-insulation, catalysts and catalyst supports, gas filters and gas storage materials, and acoustic insulation. ***