Dissertation Research: Mhc Diversity in Ctenomyid Rodents

论文研究：栉虾科啮齿动物的 MHC 多样性

• 批准号: 9801022
• 负责人: James Patton
• 金额: $ 0.7万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-06-01 至 2000-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9801022&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Mhc; Diversity; Ctenomyid

9801022 Patton The Major Histocompatibility Complex (Mhc) is a group of at least 84 genes which control part of the immune response. The Mhc is shared among all vertebrates, with many alleles maintained in populations due to balancing selection. Selection is thought to be due directly to exposure to disease organisms, since the Mhc functions in the immune system. The potential for increased exposure to disease is assumed to be a major cost to the development of complex social systems in mammals, and this study is designed to test this assumption by examining the levels of Mhc variability in two related species of burrowing rodent (Ctenomys) that differ in their level of social interactions. In one, individuals of both sexes maintain separate burrow systems and only contact one another briefly for mating; in the other, colonies of individuals co-inhabit a common underground tunnel system and share common nests. The investigators will characterize the degree of genetic variation in two Mhc loci in study populations of both species near Bariloche, in southern Argentina, populations that are also being studied intensively for ecological, behavioral, and other attributes. This study thus aims to test a major question in evolutionary biology (constraints on the evolution of sociality in mammals). Simultaneously, the study has potential value to basic public health and disease studies in other mammals, such as humans.

9801022 巴顿 主要组织相容性复合物（MHC）是一组至少84个基因，控制部分免疫反应。 Mhc在所有脊椎动物中是共享的，由于平衡选择，许多等位基因在种群中保持不变。 选择被认为是直接由于暴露于疾病生物体，因为Mhc在免疫系统中起作用。 潜在的增加暴露于疾病被认为是一个主要的成本，以发展复杂的社会系统的哺乳动物，本研究的目的是测试这一假设，通过检查的水平MHC的变异性在两个相关物种的穴居啮齿动物（Ctenomys），不同的社会互动的水平。 在一种情况下，两种性别的个体保持单独的洞穴系统，只在交配时短暂地相互接触;在另一种情况下，个体的群体共同居住在一个共同的地下隧道系统中，共享共同的巢穴。 研究人员将在阿根廷南部巴里洛切附近的两个物种的研究种群中描述两个Mhc基因座的遗传变异程度，这些种群也正在深入研究生态，行为和其他属性。 因此，这项研究旨在测试进化生物学中的一个主要问题（哺乳动物社会性进化的限制）。 同时，该研究对其他哺乳动物（如人类）的基本公共卫生和疾病研究具有潜在价值。